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was that of 〃A…Ke；〃 a Chinaman； who was exhibited in London early in the century； and of whom and his parasite anatomic models are seen in our museums。 Figure 58 represents an epignathus； a peculiar type parasitic monster； in which the parasite is united to the inferior maxillary bone of the autosite。
CLASS IX。Of 〃Lusus naturae〃 none is more curious than that of duplication of the lower extremities。 Pare says that on January 9； 1529； there was living in Germany a male infant having four legs and four arms。 In Paris； at the Academie des Sciences； on September 6； 1830； there was presented by Madame Hen； a midwife； a living male child with four legs； the anus being nearly below the middle of the third buttock； and the scrotum between the two left thighs； the testicles not yet descended。 There was a well…formed and single pelvis； and the supernumerary legs were immovable。 Aldrovandus mentions several similar instances； and gives the figure of one born in Rome； he also describes several quadruped birds。 Bardsley speaks of a male child with one head； four arms； four legs； and double generative organs。 He gives a portrait of the child when it was a little over a year old。 Heschl published in Vienna in 1878 a description of a girl of seventeen； who instead of having a duplication of the superior body； as in 〃Millie…Christine； the two…headed nightingale；〃 had double parts below the second lumbar vertebra。 Her head and upper body resembled a comely； delicate girl of twelve。
Wells a describes Mrs。 B。； aged twenty； still alive and healthy。 The duplication in this case begins just above the waist； the spinal column dividing at the third lumbar vertebra； below this point everything being double。 Micturition and defecation occur at different times； but menstruation occurs simultaneously。 She was married at nineteen； and became pregnant a year later on the left side； but abortion was induced at the fourth month on account of persistent nausea and the expectation of impossible delivery。 Whaley； in speaking of this case； said Mrs。 B。 utilized her outside legs for walking； he also remarks that when he informed her that she was pregnant on the left side she replied； 〃I think you are mistaken； if it had been on my right side I would come nearer believing it；〃and after further questioning he found； from the patient's observation； that her right genitals were almost invariably used for coitus。 Bechlinger of Para； Brazil； describes a woman of twenty…five； a native of Martinique； whose father was French and mother a quadroon； who had a modified duplication of the lower body。 There was a third leg attached to a continuation of the processus coceygeus of the sacrum； and in addition to well developed mammae regularly situated； there were two rudimentary ones close together above the pubes。 There were two vaginae and two well…developed vulvae； both having equally developed sensations。 The sexual appetite was markedly developed； and coitus was practised in both vaginae。 A somewhat similar case； possibly the same； is that of Blanche Dumas； born in 1860。 She had a very broad pelvis； two imperfectly developed legs； and a supernumerary limb attached to the symphysis； without a joint； but with slight passive movement。 There was a duplication of bowel； bladder； and genitalia。 At the junction of the rudimentary limb with the body； in front； were two rudimentary mammary glands； each containing a nipple。
Other instances of supernumerary limbs will be found in Chapter VI。
CLASS X。The instances of diphallic terata； by their intense interest to the natural bent of the curious mind； have always elicited much discussion。 To many of these cases have been attributed exaggerated function； notwithstanding the fact that modern observation almost invariably shows that the virile power diminishes in exact proportion to the extent of duplication。 Taylor quotes a description of a monster； exhibited in London； with two distinct penises； but with only one distinct testicle on either side。 He could exercise the function of either organ。
Schenck； Schurig； Bartholinus； Loder； and Ollsner report instances of diphallic terata； the latter case a was in a soldier of Charles VI； twenty…two years old； who applied to the surgeon for a bubonic affection； and who declared that he passed urine from the orifice of the left glans and also said that he was incapable of true coitus。 Valentini mentions an instance in a boy of four； in which the two penises were superimposed。 Bucchettoni speaks of a man with two penises placed side by side。 There was an anonymous case described of a man of ninety…three with a penis which was for more than half its length divided into two distinct members； the right being somewhat larger than the left。 From the middle of the penis up to the symphysis only the lower wall of the urethra was split。 Jenisch describes a diphallic infant； the offspring of a woman of twenty…five who had been married five years。 Her first child was a well…formed female； and the second； the infant in question； cried much during the night； and several times vomited dark…green matter。 In lieu of one penis there were two； situated near each other； the right one of natural size and the left larger； but not furnished with a prepuce。 Each penis had its own urethra； from which dribbled urine and some meconium。 There was a duplication of each scrotum； but only one testicle in each； and several other minor malformations。
Gore； reported by Velpeau； has seen an infant of eight and one…half months with two penises and three lower extremities。 The penises were 4 cm。 apart and the scrotum divided； containing one testicle in each side。 Each penis was provided with a urethra； urine being discharged from both simultaneously。 In a similar case； spoken of by Geoffroy…Saint…Hilaire； the two organs were also separate； but urine and semen escaped sometimes from one； sometimes from both。
The most celebrated of all the diphallic terata was Jean Baptista dos Santos； who when but six months old was spoken of by Acton。 His father and mother were healthy and had two well…formed children。 He was easily born after an uneventful pregnancy。 He was good…looking； well proportioned； and had two distinct penises； each as large as that of a child of six months。 Urination proceeded simultaneously from both penises； he had also two scrotums。 Behind and between the legs there was another limb； or rather two； united throughout their length。 It was connected to the pubis by a short stem 1/2 inch long and as large as the little finger； consisting of separate bones and cartilages。 There was a patella in the supernumerary limb on the anal aspect； and a joint freely movable。 This compound limb had no power of motion； but was endowed with sensibility。 A journal in London； after quoting Acton's description； said that the child had been exhibited in Paris； and that the surgeons advised operation。 Fisher； to whom we are indebted for an exhaustive work in Teratology； received a report from Havana in July； 1865； which detailed a description of Santos at twenty… two years of age； and said that he was possessed of extraordinary animal passion； the sight of a female alone being sufficient to excite him。 He was said to use both pe