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be if she lives to an advanced age。 Another interesting case of this nature is that of Mrs。 C。； born 1854； married in 1867； and who had a daughter ten months after。 This daughter married in 1882； and in March； 1883； gave birth to a 9…pound boy。 The youthful grandmother； not twenty…nine； was present at the birth。 This case was remarkable； as the children were both legitimate。
Fecundity in the old seems to have attracted fully as much attention among the older observers as precocity。 Pliny speaks of Cornelia； of the family of Serpios； who bore a son at sixty； who was named Volusius Saturnius； and Marsa； a physician of Venice； was deceived in a pregnancy in a woman of sixty； his diagnosis being 〃dropsy。〃 Tarenta records the history of the case of a woman who menstruated and bore children when past the age of sixty。 Among the older reports are those of Blanchard of a woman who bore a child at sixty years； Fielitz； one at sixty； Ephemerides； one at sixty…two； Rush； one at sixty； Bernstein； one at sixty years； Schoepfer； at seventy years； and； almost beyond belief； Debes cites an instance as taking place at the very advanced age of one hundred and three。 Wallace speaks of a woman in the Isle of Orkney bearing children when past the age of sixty。 We would naturally expect to find the age of child…bearing prolonged in the northern countries where the age of maturity is later。 Capuron cites an example of child…birth in a woman of sixty； Haller； cases at fifty…eight； sixty…three； and seventy； Dewees； at sixty…one； and Thibaut de Chauvalon； in a woman of Martinique aged ninety years。 There was a woman delivered in Germany； in 1723； at the age of fifty…five； one at fifty…one in Kentucky； and one in Russia at fifty。 Depasse speaks of a woman of fifty…nine years and five months old who was delivered of a healthy male child； which she suckled； weaning it on her sixtieth birthday。 She had been a widow for twenty years； and had ceased to menstruate nearly ten years before。 In St。 Peter's Church； in East Oxford； is a monument bearing an inscription recording the death in child…birth of a woman sixty…two years old。 Cachot relates the case of a woman of fifty…three； who was delivered of a living child by means of the forceps； and a year after bore a second child without instrumental interference。 She had no milk in her breasts at the time and no signs of secretion。 This aged mother had been married at fifty…two； five years after the cessation of her menstruation； and her husband was a young man； only twenty…four years old。
Kennedy reports a delivery at sixty…two years； and the Cincinnati Enquirer； January； 1863； says： 〃Dr。 W。 McCarthy was in attendance on a lady of sixty…nine years； on Thursday night last； who gave birth to a fine boy。 The father of the child is seventy…four years old； and the mother and child are doing well。〃 Quite recently there died in Great Britain a Mrs。 Henry of Gortree at the age of one hundred and twelve； leaving a daughter of nine years。
Mayham saw a woman seventy…three years old who recovered after delivery of a child。 A most peculiar case is that of a widow； seventy years old； a native of Garches。 She had been in the habit of indulging freely in wine； and； during the last six months； to decided excess。 After an unusually prolonged libation she found herself unable to walk home； she sat down by the roadside waiting until she could proceed； and was so found by a young man who knew her and who proposed helping her home。 By the time her house was reached night was well advanced； and she invited him to stop over night； finding her more than affable； he stopped at her house over four nights； and the result of his visits was an ensuing pregnancy for Madame。
Multiple births in the aged have been reported from authentic sources。 The Lancet quotes a rather fabulous account of a lady over sixty…two years of age who gave birth to triplets； making her total number of children 13。 Montgomery； Colomb； and Knehel； each； have recorded the birth of twins in women beyond the usual age of the menopause； and there is a case recorded of a woman of fifty…two who was delivered of twins。
Impregnation without completion of the copulative act by reason of some malformation； such as occlusion of the vagina or uterus； fibrous and unruptured hymen； etc。； has been a subject of discussion in the works of medical jurisprudence of all ages； and cases of conception without entrance of the penis are found in abundance throughout medical literature； and may have an important medicolegal bearing。 There is little doubt of the possibility of spermatozoa deposited on the genitalia making progress to the seat of fertilization； as their power of motility and tenacity of life have been well demonstrated。 Percy reports an instance in which semen was found issuing from the os uteri eight and one…half days after the last intercourse； and a microscopic examination of this semen revealed the presence of living as well as dead spermatozoa。 We have occasional instances of impregnation by rectal coitus； the semen finding its way into an occluded vaginal canal by a fistulous communication。
Guillemeau； the surgeon of the French king； tells of a girl of eighteen； who was brought before the French officials in Paris； in 1607； on the citation of her husband of her inability to allow him completion of the marital function。 He alleged that he had made several unsuccessful attempts to enter her； and in doing so had caused paraphimosis。 On examination by the surgeons she was found to have a dense membrane； of a fibrous nature； entirely occluding the vagina； which they incised。 Immediately afterward the woman exhibited morning sickness and the usual signs of pregnancy； and was delivered in four months of a full…term child； the results of an impregnation occasioned by one of the unsuccessful attempts at entrance。 Such instances are numerous in the older literature； and a mere citation of a few is considered sufficient here。 Zacchias； Amand； Fabricius Hildanus； Graaf； the discoverer of the follicles that bear his name； Borellus； Blegny； Blanchard； Diemerbroeck； Duddell； Mauriceau； a Reyes； Riolan； Harvey； the discoverer of the circulation of the blood； Wolfius； Walther； Rongier； Ruysch； Forestus； Ephemerides； and Schurig all mention cases of conception with intact hymen； and in which there was no entrance of the penis。 Tolberg has an example of hymen integrum after the birth of a fetus five months old； and there is recorded a case of tubal pregnancy in which the hymen was intact。
Gilbert gives an account of a case of pregnancy in an unmarried woman； who successfully resisted an attempt at criminal connection and yet became impregnated and gave birth to a perfectly formed female child。 The hymen was not ruptured； and the impregnation could not have preceded the birth more than thirty…six weeks。 Unfortunately； this poor woman was infected with gonorrhea after the attempted assault。 Simmons of St。 Louis gives a curious peculiarity of conception； in which there was complete closure of the vagina； subsequent conception； and delivery at term。 He made the patient's acquaintance from her application to him in regard to a malcondition of her sexual apparatus； causing much