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re I could thank my stars； the pintle； or hook on which the rudder hangs； broke off。 The tiller was knocked out of my hand； and the boat's head flew into the wind。 'Out with the sweeps；' I shouted。 But the sweeps were under the gear。 All was confusion and panic。 The two men cursed in the names of their respective saints。 The 'heavy' whined； 'I told you how it w'd be。' Samson struggled valiantly to get at an oar； while Fred； setting the example； begged all hands to be calm； and be ready to fend the stern off the rocks with a boathook。 As we drifted into the surf I was wondering how many bumps she would stand before she went to pieces。 Happily the water shallowed； and the men； by jumping overboard； managed to drag the boat through the breakers under the lee of the point。 We afterwards drew her up on to the beach； kindled a fire； got out some provisions； and stayed till the storm was over。
CHAPTER XXX
WHAT was then called Fort Vancouver was a station of the Hudson's Bay Company。 We took up our quarters here till one of the company's vessels … the 'Mary Dare；' a brig of 120 tons； was ready to sail for the Sandwich Islands。 This was about the most uncomfortable trip I ever made。 A sailing merchant brig of 120 tons； deeply laden； is not exactly a pleasure yacht； and 2；000 miles is a long voyage。 For ten days we lay at anchor at the mouth of the Columbia； detained by westerly gales。 A week after we put to sea； all our fresh provisions were consumed； and we had to live on our cargo … dried salmon。 We three and the captain more than filled the little hole of a cabin。 There wasn't even a hammock； and we had to sleep on the deck； or on the lockers。 The fleas； the cockroaches； and the rats； romped over and under one all night。 Not counting the time it took to go down the river； or the ten days we were kept at its mouth； we were just six weeks at sea before we reached Woahoo； on Christmas Day。
How beautiful the islands looked as we passed between them； with a fair wind and studding sails set alow and aloft。 Their tropical charms seemed more glowing； the water bluer； the palm trees statelier； the vegetation more libertine than ever。 On the south the land rises gradually from the shore to a range of lofty mountains。 Immediately behind Honolulu … the capital … a valley with a road winding up it leads to the north side of the island。 This valley is； or was then； richly cultivated； principally with TARO； a large root not unlike the yam。 Here and there native huts were dotted about； with gardens full of flowers； and abundance of tropical fruit。 Higher up； where it becomes too steep for cultivation； growth of all kind is rampant。 Acacias； oranges； maples； bread…fruit； and sandal…wood trees； rear their heads above the tangled ever…greens。 The high peaks； constantly in the clouds； arrest the moisture of the ocean atmosphere； and countless rills pour down the mountain sides； clothing everything in perpetual verdure。 The climate is one of the least changeable in the world； the sea breeze blows day and night； and throughout the year the day temperature does not vary more than five or six degrees； the average being about eighty…three degrees Fahrenheit in the shade。 In 1850 the town of Honolulu was little else than a native village of grass and mat huts。 Two or three merchants had good houses。 In one of these Fred and Samson were domiciled； there was no such thing as a hotel。 I was the guest of General Miller； the Consul…General。 What changes may have taken place since the above date I have no means of knowing。 So far as the natives go； the change will assuredly have been for the worse； for the aborigines； in all parts of the world； lose their primitive simplicity and soon acquire the worst vices of civilisation。
Even King Tamehameha III。 was not innocent of one of them。 General Miller offered to present us at court； but he had to give several days' notice in order that his Majesty might be sufficiently sober to receive us。 A negro tailor from the United States fitted us out with suits of black； and on the appointed day we put ourselves under the shade of the old General's cocked hat； and marched in a body to the palace。 A native band； in which a big drum had the leading part； received us with 'God save the Queen' … whether in honour of King Tamy； or of his visitors； was not divulged。 We were first introduced to a number of chiefs in European uniforms … except as to their feet； which were mostly bootless。 Their names sounded like those of the state officers in Mr。 Gilbert's 'Mikado。' I find in my journal one entered as Tovey…tovey； another as Kanakala。 We were then conducted to the presence chamber by the Foreign Minister； Mr。 Wiley； a very pronounced Scotch gentleman with a star of the first magnitude on his breast。 The King was dressed as an English admiral。 The Queen； whose ample undulations also reminded one of the high seas； was on his right； while in perfect gradation on her right again were four princesses in short frocks and long trousers； with plaited tails tied with blue ribbon； like the Miss Kenwigs。 A little side dispute arose between the stiff old General and the Foreign Minister as to whose right it was to present us。 The Consul carried the day； but the Scot； not to be beaten； informed Tamehameha； in a long prefatory oration； of the object of the ceremony。 Taking one of us by the hand （I thought the peppery old General would have thrust him aside）； Mr。 Wiley told the King that it was seldom the Sandwich Islands were 'veesited' by strangers of such 'desteenction' … that the Duke of this （referring to Fred's relations）； and Lord the other； were the greatest noblemen in the world； then； with much solemnity； quoted a long speech from Shakespeare； and handed us over to his rival。
His Majesty； who did not understand a word of English； or Scotch； looked grave and held tight to the arm of the throne； for the truth is； that although he had relinquished his bottle for the hour； he had brought its contents with him。 My salaam was soon made； but as I retired backwards I had the misfortune to set my heel on the toes of a black…and…tan terrier； a privileged pet of the General's。 The shriek of the animal and the loss of my equilibrium nearly precipitated me into the arms of a trousered princess； but the amiable young lady only laughed。 Thus ended my glimpse of the Hawaian Court。 Mr。 Wiley afterwards remarked to me： 'We do things in a humble way； ye'll obsairve； but royalty is royalty all over the world； and His Majesty Tamehameha is as much Keng of his ain domeenions as Victoria is Queen of Breetain。' The relativity of greatness was not to be denied。
The men … Kanakas； as they are called … are fine stalwart fellows above our average height。 The only clothing they then wore was the MARO； a cloth made by themselves of the acacia bark。 This they pass between the legs； and once or twice round the loins。 The WYHEENES … women … formerly wore nothing but a short petticoat or kilt of the same material。 By persuasion of the missionaries they have exchanged this simple gar