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plain。 The raptor moved right； deeper into the plain。 Away from the river。
〃You did it！〃 Kelly shouted。
Sarah maintained her speed； moving slowly closer to the raptor。 It seemed to have given up on the river； and now had no plan。 It was just running up the plain。 And they were steadily； inexorably gaining。 Kelly was excited。 She tried to wipe the maid off her rifle； preparing to shoot again。
〃Damn！〃 Sarah shouted。
〃What？〃
〃Look！〃
Kelly leaned forward； stared past Sarah's shoulder。 Directly ahead； she saw the herd of apatosaurs。 They were only fifty yards from the first of the enormous animals； which bellowed and wheeled in sudden fear。 Their bodies were green…gray in the moonlight。
The raptor streaked directly toward the herd。
〃It thinks it's going to lose us！〃 Sarah gunned the bike； moving closer。 〃Get it now！ Now！〃
Kelly aimed and fired。 The gun bucked。 But the raptor kept going。
〃Missed！〃
Up ahead； the apatosaurs were turning； their big legs stomping the ground。 Their heavy tails whipped through the air。 But they were too slow to move away。 The raptor raced forward； heading directly beneath the big apatosaurs。
〃What do we do？〃 Kelly shouted。
〃No choice！〃' Sarah yelled。 She pulled parallel to the raptor just as they passed into shadow； racing beneath the first animal。 Kelly glimpsed the curve of the belly； hanging three feet above her。 The legs were as thick as tree trunks； stamping and turning。
The raptor ran on； darting among the moving legs。 Sarah swerved； followed。 Above them； the animals roared and turned； and roared again。 They were beneath another belly； then out into moonlight； then in shadow again。 Now they were in the middle of the herd。 It was like being in a forest of moving trees。
Directly ahead； a big leg came down with a slam！ that shook the ground。 The bike bounced as Sarah swung left； they scraped against the animal's flesh。 〃Hang on！〃 she shouted； and swerved again； following the raptor。 Above them； the apatosaurs were bellowing and moving。 The raptor dodged and turned； and then broke clear； racing out the back of the herd。
〃Shit！〃 Sarah said； spinning the bike around。 A whiptail swung low； narrowly missing them； and then they too were free； chasing the raptor again。
The motorcycle raced across the grassy plain。
〃Last chance！〃 Sarah shouted。 〃Do it〃'
Kelly raised the rifle。 Sarah was driving hard and fast； pulling very close to the running raptor。 The animal turned to butt her； but she held her position； punched it hard in the head with her fist。 〃Now！ 〃
Kelly shoved the barrel against the flesh of the neck； and squeezed the trigger。 The gun snapped back hard； jolting her in the stomach。
The raptor ran on。
〃No！〃 she shouted。 〃No！〃
And then suddenly the raptor fell； tumbling end over end in the grass； and Sarah swung the bike away and pulled to a stop。 The raptor was five yards away； flopping in the grass。 It snarled and yelped。 Then it was silent。
Sarah took the rifle； snapped open the cartridge pack。 Kelly saw five more darts。
〃I thought that was the last one；〃 she said。
〃I lied；〃 Sarah said。 〃Wait here。〃
Kelly stayed by the bike while Sarah moved cautiously forward through the grass。 Sarah fired one more shot； then stood waiting for a few moments。 Then she bent down。
When she came back； she was holding the key in her hand。
In the nest； the raptors were still tearing at the carcass； off to one side。 But the intensity of the behavior was diminishing： some of the animals were turning away； rubbing their jaws with their clawed hands； drifting slowly toward the center of the clearing。
Moving closer to the cage。
Thorne climbed into the back of the jeep； pushing aside the canvas cover。 He checked the rifle in his hands。
Levine slid into the driver's seat。 He started the engine。 Thorne steadied himself in the back of the jeep； gripped the rear bar。 He turned to Levine。
〃Go！〃
The Jeep raced forward across the clearing… By the carcass； the raptors looked up in surprise as they saw the intruder。 By then the jeep was past the center of the clearing； driving past the enormous dead skeletons； the broad ribs high over their heads； and then Levine was swinging the car left； pulling alongside the aluminum cage。 Thorne jumped out； and grabbed the cage in both hands。 In the darkness he couldn't tell how badly Arby was hurt； the boy was turned face down。 Levine climbed out of the car； Thorne yelled for him to get back in； as he lifted the cage high and swung it onto the back of the Jeep。 Thorne jumped into the back； next to the cage； and Levine shoved the car in gear。 Behind them； the raptors snarled and raced forward in pursuit； running among the skeletal ribs。 They crossed the clearing with stunning speed。
As Levine stepped on the gas； the nearest raptor leapt high； landing up on the back of the car； and grabbing the canvas tarp in its teeth。 The animal hissed and held on。
Levine accelerated； and the Jeep bounced out of the clearing。
In darkness； Malcolm sank back into morphine dreams； images floated in front of his eyes： fitness landscapes； the Multicolored puter images now employed to think about evolution。 In this mathematical world of peaks and valleys； populations of organisms were seen to climb the fitness peaks； or slide down into the valleys of nonadaptation。 Stu Kauffman and his coworkers had shown that advanced organisms had plex internal constraints which made them more likely to fall off the fitness optima； and descend into the valleys。 Yet； at the same time plex creatures were themselves selected by evolution。 Because plex creatures were able to adapt on their own。 With tools； with learning； with cooperation。
But plex animals had obtained their adaptive flexibility at some cost…they had traded one dependency for another。 It was no longer necessary to change their bodies to adapt； because now their adaptation was behavior； socially determined。 That behavior required learning。 In a sense； among higher animals adaptive fitness was no longer transmitted to the next generation by DNA at all。 It was now carried by teaching。 Chimpanzees taught their young to collect termites with a stick。 Such actions implied at least the rudiments of a culture。 a structured social life。 But animals raised in isolation； without parents； without guidance； were not fully functional。 Zoo animals frequently could not care for their offspring； because they had never seen it done。 They would ignore their infants； or roll over and crush them； or simply bee annoyed with them and kill them。
The velociraptors were among the most intelligent dinosaurs； and the most ferocious。 Both traits demanded behavioral control。 Millions of years ago； in the now…vanished Jurassic world； their behavior would have been socially determined； passed on from older to younger animals。 Genes controlled the capacity to make such patterns； but not the patterns themselves。 Adaptive behavior was a kind of morality； it was behavior that had evolved over many generations because it was found to succeed … behavior that allowed members of the species to cooperate； to live together； to hun