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low water； which would help support its large bulk。 Although this animal was clearly not in the water； it was moving much too quickly； the head and neck shifting above the palms in a very active manner…a surprisingly active manner…
Grant began to laugh。
〃What is it？〃 Hammond said； worried。 〃Is something wrong？〃
Grant just shook his head； and continued to laugh。 He couldn't tell them that what was funny was that he had seen the animal for only a few seconds； but he had already begun to accept it…and to use his observations to answer long…standing questions in the field。
He was still laughing as he saw a fifth and a sixth neck crane up above the palm trees。 The sauropods watched the people arrive。 They reminded Grant of oversize giraffes…they had the same pleasant； rather stupid gaze。
〃I take it they're not animatronic；〃 Malcolm said。 〃They're very lifelike。〃
〃Yes； they certainly are；〃 Hammond said。 〃Well； they should be； shouldn't they？〃
From the distance； they heard the trumpeting sound again。 First one animal made it； and then the others joined in。
〃That's their call；〃 Ed Regis said。 〃Weling us to the island。〃
Grant stood and listened for a moment； entranced。
〃You probably want to know what happens next；〃 Hammond was saying； continuing down the path。 〃We've scheduled a plete tour of the facilities for you； and a trip to see the dinosaurs in the park later this afternoon。 I'll be joining you for dinner； and will answer any remaining questions you may have then。 Now； if you'll go with Mr。 Regis 。 。 。〃
The group followed Ed Regis toward the nearest buildings。 Over the path； a crude band…painted sign read： 〃Wele to Jurassic Park。〃
THIRD ITERATION
〃Details emerge more clearly as the fractal curve is redrawn。〃
IAN MAL
Jurassic Park
They moved into a green tunnel of overarching palms leading toward the main visitor building。 Everywhere； extensive and elaborate planting emphasized the feeling that they were entering a new world； a prehistoric tropical world； and leaving the normal world behind。
Ellie said to Grant； 〃They look pretty good。〃
〃Yes；〃 Grant said。 〃I want to see them up close。 I want to lift up their toe pads and inspect their claws and feel their skin and open their laws and have a look at their teeth。 Until then I don't know for sure。 But yes； they look good。 〃
〃I suppose it changes your field a bit；〃 Malcolm said。
Grant shook his head。 〃It changes everything；〃 he said。
For 150 years； ever since the discovery of gigantic animal bones in Europe； the study of dinosaurs had been an exercise in scientific deduction。 Paleontology was essentially detective work； searching for clues in the fossil bones and the trackways of the long…vanished giants。 The best paleontologists were the ones who could make the most clever deductions。
And all the great disputes of paleontology were carried out in this fashion…including the bitter debate； in which Grant was a key figure； about whether dinosaurs were warm…blooded。
Scientists had always classified dinosaurs as reptiles； cold…blooded creatures drawing the heat they needed for life from the environment。 A mammal could metabolize food to produce bodily warmth； but a reptile could not。 Eventually a handful of researchers…led chiefly by John Ostrom and Robert Bakker at Yale…began to suspect that the concept of sluggish； cold…blooded dinosaurs was inadequate to explain the fossil record。 In classic deductive fashion； they drew conclusions from several lines of evidence。
First was posture： lizards and reptiles were bent…legged sprawlers； hugging the ground for warmth。 Lizards didn't have the energy to stand on their hind legs for more than a few seconds。 But the dinosaurs stood on straight legs； and many walked erect on their hind legs。 Among living animals； erect posture occurred only in warm…blooded mammals and birds。 Thus dinosaur posture suggested warm…bloodedness。
Next they studied metabolism； calculating the pressure necessary to push blood up the eigbteen…foot…long neck of a brachlosaur； and concluding that it could only be acplished by a four…chambered； hot…blooded heart。
They studied trackways； fossil footprints left in mud； and concluded that dinosaurs ran as fast as a man； such activity implied warm blood。 They found dinosaur remains above the Arctic Circle； in a frigid environment unimaginable for a reptile。 And the new studies of group behavior； based largely on Grant's own work； suggested that dinosaurs had a plex social life and reared their young； as reptiles did not。 Crocodiles and turtles abandon their eggs。 But dinosaurs probably did not。
The warm…blooded controversy had raged for fifteen years； before a new perception of dinosaurs as quick…moving； active animals was acecpted…but not without lasting animosities。 At conventions； there were still colleagues who did not speak to one another。
But now； if dinosaurs could be cloned…why； Grant's field of study was going to change instantly。 The paleontological study of dinosaurs was finished。 The whole enterprise…the museum balls with their giant skeletons and flocks of echoing schoolchildren； the university laboratories with their bone trays； the research papers； the journals…all of it was going to end。
〃You don't seem upset；〃 Malcolm said。
Grant shook his head。 〃It's been discussed； in the field。 Many people imagined it was ing。 But not so soon。〃
〃Story of our species；〃 Malcolm said； laughing。 〃Everybody knows it's ing； but not so soon。〃
As they walked down the path； they could no longer see the dinosaurs； but they could hear them； trumpeting softly in the distance。
Grant said； 〃My only question is； where'd they get the DNA？〃
Grant was aware of serious speculation in laboratories in Berkeley； Tokyo； and London that it might eventually be possible to clone an extinct animal such as a dinosaur…if you could get some dinosaur DNA to work with。 The problem was that all known dinosaurs were fossils； and the fossilization destroyed most DNA； replacing it with inorganic material。 Of course； if a dinosaur was frozen； or preserved in a peat bog； or mummified in a desert environment； then its DNA might be recoverable。
But nobody had ever found a frozen or mummified dinosaur。 So cloning was therefore impossible。 There was nothing to clone from。 All the modern genetic technology was useless； It was like having a Xerox copier but nothing to copy with it。
Ellie said； 〃You can't reproduce a real dinosaur； because you can't get real dinosaur DNA。〃
〃Unless there's a way we haven't thought of；〃 Grant said。 〃Like what？〃 she said。
〃I don't know；〃 Grant said。
Beyond a fence； they came to the swimming pool； which spilled over into a series of waterfalls and smaller rocky pools。 The area was planted with huge ferns。 〃Isn't this extraordinary？〃 Ed Regis said。 〃Especially on a misty day； these plants really contribute to the prehistoric atmosphere。 These are authentic Jurassic ferns； of course。〃
Ellie paused to look more closely at the ferns。 Yes； it was just as he said： Serenna veriformans； a plant found abundantly in fossils more than two hundred million years old； now mon onl