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accompanying illustration shows the appearance of the arm in situ before extraction of the fetus and the location of the wound。
Bodinier and Lusk report instances of the delivery of an extrauterine fetus by the vagina； and Mathieson relates the history of the delivery of a living ectopic child by the vagina； with recovery of the mother。 Gordon speaks of a curious case in a negress； six months pregnant； in which an extrauterine fetus passed down from the posterior culdesac and occluded the uterus。 It was removed through the vagina； and two days later labor…pains set in； and in two hours she was delivered of a uterine child。 The placenta was left behind and drainage established through the vagina； and the woman made complete recovery。
Combined Intrauterine and Extrauterine Gestation。Many well…authenticated cases of combined pregnancy； in which one of the products of conception was intrauterine and the other of extrauterine gestation； have been recorded。 Clark and Ramsbotham report instances of double conception； one fetus being born alive in the ordinary manner and the other located extrauterine。 Chasser speaks of a case in which there was concurrent pregnancy in both the uterus and the Fallopian tube。 Smith cites an instance of a woman of twenty…three who became pregnant in August； 1870。 In the following December she passed fetal bones from the rectum； and a month later gave birth to an intrauterine fetus of six months' growth。 McGee mentions the case of a woman of twenty…eight who became pregnant in July； 1872； and on October 20th and 21st passed several fetal bones by the rectum； and about four months later expelled some from the uterus。 From this time she rapidly recovered her strength and health。 Devergie quotes an instance of a woman of thirty who had several children； but who died suddenly； and being pregnant was opened。 In the right iliac fossa was found a male child weighing 5 pounds and 5 ounces； 8 1/2 inches long； and of about five months' growth。 The uterus also contained a male fetus of about three months' gestation。 Figure 4 shows combined intrauterine and extrauterine gestation。 Hodgen speaks of a woman of twenty…seven； who was regular until November； 1872； early in January； 1873； she had an attack of pain with peritonitis； shortly after which what was apparently an extrauterine pregnancy gradually diminished。 On August 17； 1873； after a labor of eight hours； she gave birth to a healthy fetus。 The hand in the uterus detected a tumor to the left； which wag reduced to about one…fourth the former size。 In April； 1874； the woman still suffered pain and tenderness in the tumor。 Hodgen believed this to have been originally a tubal pregnancy； which burst； causing much hemorrhage and the death of the fetus； together with a limited peritonitis。 Beach has seen a twin compound pregnancy in which after connection there was a miscarriage in six weeks； and four years after delivery of an extrauterine fetus through the abdominal walls。 Cooke cites an example of intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancy progressing simultaneously to full period of gestation； with resultant death。 Rosset reports the case of a woman of twenty…seven； who menstruated last in November； 1878； and on August 5； 1879； was delivered of a well…developed dead female child weighing seven pounds。 The uterine contractions were feeble； and the attached placenta was removed only with difficulty； there was considerable hemorrhage。 The hemorrhage continued to occur at intervals of two weeks； and an extrauterine tumor remained。 Two weeks later septicemia supervened and life was despaired of。 On the 15th of October a portion of a fetus of five months' growth in an advanced stage of decomposition protruded from the vulva。 After the escape of this putrid mass her health returned； and in four months she was again robust and healthy。 Whinery speaks of a young woman who at the time of her second child…birth observed a tumor in the abdomen on her right side and felt motion in it。 In about a month she was with severe pain which continued a week and then ceased。 Health soon improved； and the woman afterward gave birth to a third child； subsequently she noticed that the tumor had enlarged since the first birth； and she had a recurrence of pain and a slight hemorrhage every three weeks； and distinctly felt motion in the tumor。 This continued for eighteen months； when； after a most violent attack of pain； all movement ceased； and； as she expressed it； she knew the moment the child died。 The tumor lost its natural consistence and felt flabby and dead。 An incision was made through the linea alba； and the knife came in contact with a hard； gritty substance； three or four lines thick。 The escape of several quarts of dark brown fluid followed the incision； and the operation had to be discontinued on account of the ensuing syncope。 About six weeks afterward a bone presented at the orifice； which the woman extracted； and this was soon followed by a mass of bones； hair； and putrid matter。 The discharge was small； and gradually grew less in quantity and offensiveness； soon ceasing altogether； and the wound closed。 By December health was good and the menses had returned。
Ahlfeld； Ambrosioni；Galabin； Packard； Thiernesse； Maxson； de Belamizaran； Dibot； and Chabert are among others recording the phenomenon of coexisting extrauterine and intrauterine pregnancy。 Argles mentions simultaneous extrauterine fetation and superfetation。
Sanger mentions a triple ectopic gestation； in which there was twin pregnancy in the wall of the uterus and a third ovum at the fimbriated end of the right tube。 Careful examination showed this to be a case of intramural twin pregnancy at the point of entrance of the tube and the uterus； while at the abdominal end of the same tube there was another ovum；the whole being an example of triple unilateral ectopic gestation。
The instances of delivery of an extrauterine fetus； with viability of the child； from the abdomen of the mother would attract attention from their rarity alone； but when coupled with associations of additional interest they surely deserve a place in a work of this nature。 Osiander speaks of an abdominal fetus being taken out alive； and there is a similar case on record in the early part of this century。 The London Medical and Physical Journal； in one of its early numbers； contained an account of an abdominal fetus penetrating the walls of the bladder and being extracted from the walls of the hypogastrium； but Sennertus gives a case which far eclipses this； both mother and fetus surviving。 He says that in this case the woman； while pregnant； received a blow on the lower part of her body； in consequence of which a small tumor appeared shortly after the accident。 It so happened in this case that the peritoneum was extremely dilatable； and the uterus； with the child inside； made its way into the peritoneal sac。 In his presence an incision was made and the fetus taken out alive。 Jessop gives an example of extrauterine gestation in a woman of twenty…six； who had previously had normal delivery。 In this case an incision was made and a fetus of about eight months' growth was found lying loose in the abdominal cavity in the midst of the intestines。 Bot