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Gloucester; under the protection of Milo; earl of Hereford; as if by divine providence; and through the merits of the saints and prayers of those holy men (of whom two lie buried before the high altar); it were destined that the daughter church should be founded in superfluities; whilst the mother continued in that laudable state of mediocrity which she had always affected and coveted。 Let the active therefore reside there; the contemplative here; there the pursuit of terrestrial riches; here the love of celestial delights; there let them enjoy the concourse of men; here the presence of angels; there let the powerful of this world be entertained; here let the poor of Christ be relieved; there; I say; let human actions and declamations be heard; but here let reading and prayers be heard only in whispers; there let opulence; the parent and nurse of vice; increase with cares; here let the virtuous and golden mean be all…sufficient。 In both places the canonical discipline instituted by Augustine; which is now distinguished above all other orders; is observed; for the Benedictines; when their wealth was increased by the fervour of charity; and multiplied by the bounty of the faithful; under the pretext of a bad dispensation; corrupted by gluttony and indulgence an order which in its original state of poverty was held in high estimation。 The Cistercian order; derived from the former; at first deserved praise and commendation from its adhering voluntarily to the original vows of poverty and sanctity: until ambition; the blind mother of mischief; unable to fix bounds to prosperity; was introduced; for as Seneca says; 〃Too great happiness makes men greedy; nor are their desires ever so temperate; as to terminate in what is acquired:〃 a step is made from great things to greater; and men having attained what they did not expect; form the most unbounded hopes; to which the poet Ovid thus alludes。
〃Luxuriant animi rebus plerumque secundis; Nec facile est aequa commoda mente pati;
And again:
〃Creverunt opes et opum furiosa cupido; Et eum possideant plurima; plura petunt。〃
And also the poet Horace:
〃 … scilicet improbae Crescunt divitiae; tamen Curtae nescio quid semper abest rei。 Crescentem sequitur cura pecuniam Majorumque fames。〃
To which purpose the poet Lucan says:
〃 … O vitae tuta facultas Pauperis; angustique lares; o munera nondum Intellecta Deum!〃
And Petronius:
Non bibit inter aquas nec poma fugacia carpit Tantalus infelix; quem sua vota premunt。 Divitis hic magni facies erit; omnia late Qui tenet; et sicco concoquit ore famem。〃
The mountains are full of herds and horses; the woods well stored with swine and goats; the pastures with sheep; the plains with cattle; the arable fields with ploughs; and although these things in very deed are in great abundance; yet each of them; from the insatiable nature of the mind; seems too narrow and scanty。 Therefore lands are seized; landmarks removed; boundaries invaded; and the markets in consequence abound with merchandise; the courts of justice with law…suits; and the senate with complaints。 Concerning such things; we read in Isaiah; 〃Woe unto them that join house to house; that lay field to field; till there be no place; that they be placed alone in the midst of the earth。〃
If therefore; the prophet inveighs so much against those who proceed to the boundaries; what would he say to those who go far beyond them? From these and other causes; the true colour of religion was so converted into the dye of falsehood; that manners internally black assumed a fair exterior:
〃Qui color albus erat; nunc est contrarius albo。〃
So that the scripture seems to be fulfilled concerning these men; 〃Beware of false prophets; who come to you in sheep's clothing; but inwardly they are ravenous wolves。〃 But I am inclined to think this avidity does not proceed from any bad intention。 For the monks of this Order (although themselves most abstemious) incessantly exercise; more than any others; the acts of charity and beneficence towards the poor and strangers; and because they do not live as others upon fixed incomes; but depend only on their labour and forethought for subsistence; they are anxious to obtain lands; farms; and pastures; which may enable them to perform these acts of hospitality。 However; to repress and remove from this sacred Order the detestable stigma of ambition; I wish they would sometimes call to mind what is written in Ecclesiasticus; 〃Whoso bringeth an offering of the goods of the poor; doth as one that killeth the son before his father's eyes;〃 and also the sentiment of Gregory; 〃A good use does not justify things badly acquired;〃 and also that of Ambrose; 〃He who wrongfully receives; that he may well dispense; is rather burthened than assisted。〃 Such men seem to say with the Apostle; 〃Let us do evil that good may come。〃 For it is written; 〃Mercy ought to be of such a nature as may be received; not rejected; which may purge away sins; not make a man guilty before the Lord; arising from your own just labours; not those of other men。〃 Hear what Solomon says; 〃Honour the Lord from your just labours。〃 What shall they say who have seized upon other men's possessions; and exercised charity? 〃O Lord! in thy name we have done charitable deeds; we have fed the poor; clothed the naked; and hospitably received the stranger:〃 to whom the Lord will answer; 〃Ye speak of what ye have given away; but speak not of the rapine ye have committed; ye relate concerning those ye have fed; and remember not those ye have killed。〃 I have judged it proper to insert in this place an instance of an answer which Richard; king of the English; made to Fulke; {63} a good and holy man; by whom God in these our days has wrought many signs in the kingdom of France。 This man had among other things said to the king; 〃You have three daughters; namely; Pride; Luxury; and Avarice; and as long as they shall remain with you; you can never expect to be in favour with God。〃 To which the king; after a short pause; replied: 〃I have already given away those daughters in marriage: Pride to the Templars; Luxury to the Black Monks; and Avarice to the White。〃 It is a remarkable circumstance; or rather a miracle; concerning Lanthoni; that; although it is on every side surrounded by lofty mountains; not stony or rocky; but of a soft nature; and covered with grass; Parian stones are frequently found there; and are called free…stones; from the facility with which they admit of being cut and polished; and with these the church is beautifully built。 It is also wonderful; that when; after a diligent search; all the stones have been removed from the mountains; and no more can be found; upon another search; a few days afterwards; they reappear in greater quantities to those who seek them。 With respect to the two Orders; the Cluniac and the Cistercian; this may be relied upon; although the latter are possessed of fine buildings; with ample revenues and estates; they will soon be reduced to poverty and destruction。 To the former; on the contrary; you would allot a barren desert and a solitary wood; yet in a few years you will find them in possession of sumptuous churches and ho