ÓÑÇéÌáʾ£ºÈç¹û±¾ÍøÒ³´ò¿ªÌ«Âý»òÏÔʾ²»ÍêÕû£¬Çë³¢ÊÔÊó±êÓÒ¼ü¡°Ë¢Ð¡±±¾ÍøÒ³£¡ÔĶÁ¹ý³Ì·¢ÏÖÈκδíÎóÇë¸æËßÎÒÃÇ£¬Ð»Ð»£¡£¡ ±¨¸æ´íÎó
ÈÈÃÅÊé¿â ·µ»Ø±¾ÊéĿ¼ ÎÒµÄÊé¼Ü ÎÒµÄÊéÇ© TXTÈ«±¾ÏÂÔØ ½øÈëÊé°É ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©

flatland(¸¥À³ÌØÀ¼)-µÚ14ÕÂ

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡




Chromatistes£»¡¡in¡¡alarm£»¡¡attempted¡¡to¡¡step¡¡forward¡¡and¡¡address¡¡them¡£¡¡But¡¡

he¡¡¡¡¡¡found¡¡¡¡¡¡himself¡¡¡¡¡¡encompassed¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡guards¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡forced¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡remain¡¡¡¡¡¡silent¡¡

while¡¡the¡¡Chief¡¡Circle¡¡in¡¡a¡¡few¡¡impassioned¡¡words¡¡made¡¡a¡¡final¡¡appeal¡¡to¡¡

the¡¡Women£»¡¡exclaiming¡¡that£»¡¡if¡¡the¡¡Colour¡¡Bill¡¡passed£»¡¡no¡¡marriage¡¡would¡¡

henceforth¡¡be¡¡safe£»¡¡no¡¡woman's¡¡honour¡¡secure£»¡¡fraud£»¡¡deception£»¡¡hypocrisy¡¡

would¡¡pervade¡¡every¡¡household£»¡¡domestic¡¡bliss¡¡would¡¡share¡¡the¡¡fate¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

Constitution¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡pass¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡speedy¡¡¡¡¡¡perdition¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨Sooner¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡this£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡cried£»¡¡

¡¨Come¡¡death¡£¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡At¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡words£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡preconcerted¡¡¡¡¡¡signal¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡action£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

Isosceles¡¡Convicts¡¡¡¡¡¡fell¡¡on¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡transfixed¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡wretched¡¡¡¡¡¡Chromatistes£»¡¡the¡¡

Regular¡¡Classes£»¡¡opening¡¡their¡¡ranks£»¡¡made¡¡way¡¡for¡¡a¡¡band¡¡of¡¡Women¡¡who£»¡¡

under¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡direction¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Circles£»¡¡¡¡¡¡moved¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡back¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡foremost£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡invisibly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

unerringly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡upon¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡unconscious¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡soldiers£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Artisans£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡imitating¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡35¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡36¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Flatland¡¡



example¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡betters£»¡¡¡¡¡¡also¡¡¡¡opened¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡ranks¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Meantime¡¡¡¡¡¡bands¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

Convicts¡¡occupied¡¡every¡¡entrance¡¡with¡¡an¡¡impenetrable¡¡phalanx¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡battle£»¡¡or¡¡rather¡¡carnage£»¡¡was¡¡of¡¡short¡¡duration¡£¡¡Under¡¡the¡¡skillful¡¡

generalship¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Circles¡¡almost¡¡every¡¡Woman's¡¡charge¡¡was¡¡fatal¡¡and¡¡very¡¡

many¡¡extracted¡¡their¡¡sting¡¡uninjured£»¡¡ready¡¡for¡¡a¡¡second¡¡slaughter¡£¡¡But¡¡no¡¡

second¡¡¡¡¡¡blow¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡needed£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡rabble¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Isosceles¡¡¡¡¡¡did¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡rest¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

business¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡themselves¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Surprised£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡leader¡­less£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡attacked¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡front¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡

invisible¡¡¡¡¡¡foes£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡finding¡¡¡¡¡¡egress¡¡¡¡¡¡cut¡¡¡¡¡¡off¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Convicts¡¡¡¡¡¡behind¡¡¡¡¡¡them£»¡¡

they¡¡at¡¡once¡¡after¡¡their¡¡mannerlost¡¡all¡¡presence¡¡of¡¡mind£»¡¡and¡¡raised¡¡the¡¡

cry¡¡of¡¡¡¨treachery¡£¡¨¡¡This¡¡sealed¡¡their¡¡fate¡£¡¡Every¡¡Isosceles¡¡now¡¡saw¡¡and¡¡felt¡¡

a¡¡¡¡foe¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡every¡¡¡¡other¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡half¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡hour¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡vast¡¡¡¡¡¡multitude¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡

living£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡fragments¡¡of¡¡seven¡¡score¡¡thousand¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡Criminal¡¡¡¡¡¡Class¡¡

slain¡¡by¡¡one¡¡another's¡¡angles¡¡attested¡¡the¡¡triumph¡¡of¡¡Order¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡Circles¡¡¡¡¡¡delayed¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡push¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡victory¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡uttermost¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡

Working¡¡Men¡¡they¡¡spared¡¡but¡¡decimated¡£¡¡The¡¡Militia¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Equilaterals¡¡

was¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡once¡¡¡¡¡¡called¡¡¡¡¡¡out£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡every¡¡¡¡¡¡Triangle¡¡¡¡¡¡suspected¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Irregularity¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡

reasonable¡¡grounds£»¡¡was¡¡destroyed¡¡by¡¡Court¡¡Martial£»¡¡without¡¡the¡¡formality¡¡

of¡¡exact¡¡measurement¡¡by¡¡the¡¡Social¡¡Board¡£¡¡The¡¡homes¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Military¡¡and¡¡

Artisan¡¡classes¡¡were¡¡inspected¡¡in¡¡a¡¡course¡¡of¡¡visitation¡¡extending¡¡through¡¡

upwards¡¡of¡¡a¡¡year£»¡¡and¡¡during¡¡that¡¡period¡¡every¡¡town£»¡¡village£»¡¡and¡¡hamlet¡¡

was¡¡¡¡¡¡systematically¡¡¡¡purged¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡excess¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡lower¡¡¡¡¡¡orders¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡

been¡¡brought¡¡about¡¡by¡¡the¡¡neglect¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡pay¡¡the¡¡tribute¡¡of¡¡Criminals¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

Schools¡¡and¡¡University£»¡¡and¡¡by¡¡the¡¡violation¡¡of¡¡other¡¡natural¡¡Laws¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

Constitution¡¡of¡¡Flatland¡£¡¡Thus¡¡the¡¡balance¡¡of¡¡classes¡¡was¡¡again¡¡restored¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Needless¡¡to¡¡say¡¡that¡¡henceforth¡¡the¡¡use¡¡of¡¡Colour¡¡was¡¡abolished£»¡¡and¡¡

its¡¡possession¡¡prohibited¡£¡¡Even¡¡the¡¡utterance¡¡of¡¡any¡¡word¡¡denoting¡¡Colour£»¡¡

except¡¡by¡¡the¡¡Circles¡¡or¡¡by¡¡qualified¡¡scientific¡¡teachers£»¡¡was¡¡punished¡¡by¡¡a¡¡

severe¡¡¡¡¡¡penalty¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Only¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡University¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡highest¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

most¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡esoteric¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡classeswhich¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡myself¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡never¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡privileged¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡

attendit¡¡is¡¡understood¡¡that¡¡the¡¡sparing¡¡use¡¡of¡¡Colour¡¡is¡¡still¡¡sanctioned¡¡for¡¡

the¡¡purpose¡¡¡¡of¡¡illustrating¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡the¡¡deeper¡¡problems¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡mathematics¡£¡¡

But¡¡of¡¡this¡¡I¡¡can¡¡only¡¡speak¡¡from¡¡hearsay¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Elsewhere¡¡in¡¡Flatland£»¡¡Colour¡¡is¡¡no¡¡non¡­existent¡£¡¡The¡¡art¡¡of¡¡making¡¡it¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡36¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡37¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Flatland¡¡



is¡¡known¡¡to¡¡only¡¡one¡¡living¡¡person£»¡¡the¡¡Chief¡¡Circle¡¡for¡¡the¡¡time¡¡being£»¡¡

and¡¡by¡¡him¡¡it¡¡is¡¡handed¡¡down¡¡on¡¡his¡¡death¡­bed¡¡to¡¡none¡¡but¡¡his¡¡Successor¡£¡¡

One¡¡manufactory¡¡alone¡¡produces¡¡it£»¡¡and£»¡¡lest¡¡the¡¡secret¡¡should¡¡be¡¡betrayed£»¡¡

the¡¡Workmen¡¡are¡¡annually¡¡consumed£»¡¡and¡¡fresh¡¡ones¡¡introduced¡£¡¡So¡¡great¡¡

is¡¡the¡¡terror¡¡with¡¡which¡¡even¡¡now¡¡our¡¡Aristocracy¡¡looks¡¡back¡¡to¡¡the¡¡far¡­¡¡

distant¡¡days¡¡of¡¡the¡¡agitation¡¡for¡¡the¡¡Universal¡¡Colour¡¡Bill¡£¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡SECTION¡¡11¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Concerning¡¡our¡¡Priests¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡high¡¡time¡¡that¡¡I¡¡should¡¡pass¡¡from¡¡these¡¡brief¡¡and¡¡discursive¡¡notes¡¡

about¡¡things¡¡in¡¡Flatland¡¡to¡¡the¡¡central¡¡event¡¡of¡¡this¡¡book£»¡¡my¡¡initiation¡¡into¡¡

the¡¡mysteries¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Space¡£¡¡THAT¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡my¡¡¡¡subject£»¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡gone¡¡¡¡¡¡before¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡

merely¡¡preface¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡For¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡reason¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡must¡¡¡¡¡¡omit¡¡¡¡¡¡many¡¡¡¡¡¡matters¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡explanation¡¡

would¡¡¡¡¡¡not£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡flatter¡¡¡¡¡¡myself£»¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡interest¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡my¡¡¡¡¡¡Readers£º¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡

example£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡method¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡propelling¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡stopping¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ourselves£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡although¡¡

destitute¡¡of¡¡feet£»¡¡the¡¡means¡¡by¡¡which¡¡we¡¡give¡¡fixity¡¡to¡¡structures¡¡of¡¡wood£»¡¡

stone£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡brick£»¡¡¡¡¡¡although¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡course¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡hands£»¡¡¡¡¡¡nor¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡lay¡¡

foundations¡¡as¡¡you¡¡can£»¡¡nor¡¡avail¡¡ourselves¡¡of¡¡the¡¡lateral¡¡pressure¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

earth£»¡¡the¡¡manner¡¡in¡¡which¡¡the¡¡rain¡¡originates¡¡in¡¡the¡¡intervals¡¡between¡¡our¡¡

various¡¡zones£»¡¡so¡¡that¡¡the¡¡northern¡¡regions¡¡do¡¡not¡¡intercept¡¡the¡¡¡¡moisture¡¡

falling¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡southern£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡nature¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡hills¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡mines£»¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡trees¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

vegetables£»¡¡our¡¡seasons¡¡and¡¡harvests£»¡¡our¡¡Alphabet¡¡and¡¡method¡¡of¡¡writing£»¡¡

adapted¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡linear¡¡¡¡¡¡tablets£»¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡hundred¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡details¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡

physical¡¡existence¡¡I¡¡must¡¡pass¡¡over£»¡¡nor¡¡do¡¡I¡¡mention¡¡them¡¡now¡¡except¡¡to¡¡

indicate¡¡to¡¡my¡¡readers¡¡that¡¡their¡¡omission¡¡proceeds¡¡not¡¡from¡¡forgetfulness¡¡

on¡¡the¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡author£»¡¡but¡¡from¡¡his¡¡regard¡¡for¡¡the¡¡time¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Reader¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Yet¡¡before¡¡I¡¡proceed¡¡to¡¡my¡¡legitimate¡¡subject¡¡some¡¡few¡¡final¡¡remarks¡¡

will¡¡no¡¡doubt¡¡be¡¡expected¡¡by¡¡my¡¡Readers¡¡upon¡¡these¡¡pillars¡¡and¡¡mainstays¡¡

of¡¡the¡¡Constitution¡¡of¡¡Flatland£»¡¡the¡¡controllers¡¡of¡¡our¡¡conduct¡¡and¡¡shapers¡¡

of¡¡our¡¡destiny£»¡¡the¡¡objects¡¡of¡¡universal¡¡homage¡¡and¡¡almost¡¡of¡¡adoration£º¡¡

need¡¡I¡¡say¡¡that¡¡I¡¡mean¡¡our¡¡Circles¡¡or¡¡Priests£¿¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡When¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡call¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡¡¡Priests£»¡¡¡¡¡¡let¡¡¡¡¡¡me¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡understood¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡meaning¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡37¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡38¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Flatland¡¡



more¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡term¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡denotes¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡With¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡us£»¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Priests¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡

Administrators¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡Business£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Art£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Science£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Directors¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡Trade£»¡¡

Commerce£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Generalship£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Architecture£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Engineering£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Education£»¡¡

Statesmanship£»¡¡Legislature£»¡¡Morality£»¡¡Theology£»¡¡doing¡¡nothing¡¡themselves£»¡¡

they¡¡are¡¡the¡¡Causes¡¡of¡¡everything¡¡worth¡¡doing£»¡¡that¡¡is¡¡done¡¡by¡¡others¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Although¡¡popularly¡¡¡¡everyone¡¡¡¡¡¡called¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡Circle¡¡is¡¡deemed¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡Circle£»
·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©
δÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
ÎÂÜ°Ìáʾ£º ο´Ð¡ËµµÄͬʱ·¢±íÆÀÂÛ£¬Ëµ³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¿´·¨ºÍÆäËüС»ï°éÃÇ·ÖÏíÒ²²»´íŶ£¡·¢±íÊéÆÀ»¹¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±Àø£¬ÈÏÕæдԭ´´ÊéÆÀ ±»²ÉÄÉΪ¾«ÆÀ¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ´óÁ¿½ð±Ò¡¢»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±ÀøŶ£¡