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article of his agreement； he gave all men； Hellenes and barbarians
alike； encouragement to make covenant with him to the full extent of
his desire。
When Tissaphernes； priding himself on the strength of that army which
had come down to aid him； bade Agesilaus to be gone from Asia or to
prepare for war；＇8＇ deep was the vexation depicted on the faces of the
Lacedaemonians there present and their allies； as they realised that
the scanty force of Agesilaus was all too small to cope with the
armaments of Persia。 But the brow of their general was lit with joy as
gaily he bade the ambassadors take back this answer to Tissaphernes：
〃I hold myself indebted to your master for the perjury whereby he has
obtained to himself the hostility of heaven； and made the gods
themselves allies of Hellas。〃 And so without further pause he
published a general order to his soldiers to pack their baggage and
prepare for active service； and to the several cities which lay on the
line of march to Caria； the order sped to have their markets in
readiness； while to the men of Ionia and the Aeolid and the Hellespont
he sent despatches bidding them send their contingents to Ephesus to
join in the campaign。
＇8＇ Lit。 〃When Tissaphernes； priding himself 。 。 。 bade Agesilaus be
gone 。 。 。 deep was the annoyance felt。〃
Tissaphernes meanwhile was influenced by the fact that Agesilaus had
no cavalry； and that Caria was a hilly district unsuited for that arm。
Moreover； as he further bethought him； Agesilaus must needs be wroth
with him for his deceit。 What could be clearer； therefore； than that
he was about to make a dash at the satrap's home in Caria？ Accordingly
he transported the whole of his infantry into Caria and marched his
cavalry round the while into the plain of the Maeander； persuaded that
he would trample the Hellenes under the hoofs of his horses long
before they reached the district where no cavalry could operate。
But Agesilaus； instead of advancing upon Caria； turned right about and
marched in the direction of Phrygia。 Picking up the various forces
that met him on his progress； he passed onwards； laying city after
city at his feet； and by the suddenness of his incursion capturing
enormous wealth。
Here was an achievement which showed the genius of a general； as all
agreed。 When once war as declared； and the arts of circumvention and
deceit were thereby justified； he had proved Tissaphernes to be a very
bade in subtlety；＇9＇ and with what sagacity again did he turn the
circumstances to account for the enrichment of his friends。 Owing to
the quantity of wealth captured； precious things were selling for a
mere song。 Thereupon he gave his friends warning to make their
purchases； adding that he should at once march down to the sea…coast
at the head of his troops。 The quartermasters meanwhile received
orders to make a note of the purchasers with the prices of the
articles； and to consign the goods。 The result was that； without prior
disbursement on their part； or detriment to the public treasury； his
friends reaped an enormous harvest。 Moreover； when deserters came with
offers to disclose hidden treasures； and naturally enough laid their
proposal before the king himself； he took care to have the capture of
these treasures effected by his friends； which would enable them to do
a stroke of business； and at the same time redound to their prestige。
For this reason he was not long in discovering many an eager aspirant
to his friendship。
＇9＇ See below； xi。 4； 〃Mem。〃 III。 i。 6； IV。 ii。 15； 〃Cyrop。〃 I。 vi。
31； Plut。 〃Ages。〃 xi。 （Clough； iv。 10）。
But a country pillaged and denuded of inhabitants would not long
support an army。 That he felt。 A more perennial source of supply was
surely to be found in waving cornfields and thickly clustering
homesteads。 So with infinite pains he set himself not merely to crush
his foes by force； but also to win them to his side by gentleness。 In
this spirit he often enjoined upon his soldiers to guard their
captives as fellow…men rather than take vengeance upon them as
evildoers；＇10＇ or； on a change of quarters； if aware of little
children left behind by the dealers （since the men often sold them in
the belief that it would be impossible to carry them away and rear
them）； he would show concern in behalf of these poor waifs and have
them conveyed to some place of safety； or he would entrust them to the
care of fellow…prisoners also left behind on account of old age； in no
case must they be left to ravening dogs and wolves。 In this way he won
the goodwill not only of those who heard tell of these doings but of
the prisoners themselves。 And whenever he brought over a city to his
side； he set the citizens free from the harsher service of a bondsman
to his lord； imposing the gentler obedience of a freeman to his ruler。
Indeed； there were fortresses impregnable to assault which he brought
under his power by the subtler force of human kindness。
＇10＇ See Grote； vol。 ix。 p。 365 foll。
But when； in Phrygia even； the freedom of his march along the flats
was hampered by the cavalry of Pharnabazus； he saw that if he wished
to avoid a skulking warfare under cover； a force of cavalry was
indispensable。 Accordingly he enlisted the wealthiest members of every
city in those parts to breed and furnish horses； with this saving
clause； however： that the individual who furnished a horse and arms
with a good rider should be exempt from service himself。 By this means
he engendered an eagerness to discharge the obligation； not unlike
that of the condemned man； casting about to discover some one to die
in his place。＇11＇ He further ordered some of the states themselves to
furnish contingents of mounted troopers； and this in the conviction
that from such training…centres he would presently get a pick of
cavaliers proud of their horsemanship。 And thus once more he won
golden opinions by the skill with which he provided himself with a
body of cavalry in the plenitude of strength and ripe for active
service。
＇11＇ Instead of the plain ｛zetoie｝ of the parallel passage （〃Hell。〃
III。 iv。 15） the encomiast prefers the poetical ｛masteuoi｝。
On the approach of early spring＇12＇ he collected his whole armament at
Ephesus； and set himself to the work of training it。 With that object
he proposed a series of prizes： one set for the cavalry squadron which
rode best； another for the heavy infantry divisions which presented
the best physique； another again for various light troops； peltasts；
and bowm