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what is property-第3章

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Forced to earn his living; Proudhon could not continue his studies。  He entered a printing…office in Besancon as a proof… reader。  Becoming; soon after; a compositor; he made a tour of France in this capacity。  At Toulon; where he found himself without money and without work; he had a scene with the mayor; which he describes in his work on 〃Justice。〃

Sainte Beuve says that; after his tour of France; his service book being filled with good certificates; Proudhon was promoted to the position of foreman。  But he does not tell us; for the reason that he had no knowledge of a letter written by Fallot; of which we never heard until six months since; that the printer at that time contemplated quitting his trade in order to become a teacher。

Towards 1829; Fallot; who was a little older than Proudhon; and who; after having obtained the Suard pension in 1832; died in his twenty…ninth year; while filling the position of assistant librarian at the Institute; was charged; Protestant though he was; with the revisal of a 〃Life of the Saints;〃 which was published at Besancon。  The book was in Latin; and Fallot added some notes which also were in Latin。


〃But;〃 says Sainte Beuve; 〃it happened that some errors escaped his attention; which Proudhon; then proof…reader in the printing office; did not fail to point out to him。  Surprised at finding so good a Latin scholar in a workshop; he desired to make his acquaintance; and soon there sprung up between them a most earnest and intimate friendship: a friendship of the intellect and of the heart。〃

Addressed to a printer between twenty…two and twenty… three years of age; and predicting in formal terms his future fame; Fallot's letter seems to us so interesting that we do not hesitate to reproduce it entire。

                                〃PARIS; December 5; 1831。

〃MY DEAR PROUDHON;YOU have a right to be surprised at; and even dissatisfied with; my long delay in replying to your kind letter; I will tell you the cause of it。  It became necessary to forward an account of your ideas to M。 J。 de Gray; to hear his objections; to reply to them; and to await his definitive response; which reached me but a short time ago; for M。 J。 is a sort of financial king; who takes no pains to be punctual in dealing with poor devils like ourselves。  I; too; am careless in matters of business; I sometimes push my negligence even to disorder; and the metaphysical musings which continually occupy my mind; added to the amusements of Paris; render me the most incapable man in the world for conducting a negotiation with despatch。

〃I have M。 Jobard's decision; here it is:  In his judgment; you are too learned and clever for his children; he fears that you could not accommodate your mind and character to the childish notions common to their age and station。  In short;  he is what the world calls a good father; that is; he wants to spoil his children; and; in order to do this easily; he thinks fit to retain his present instructor; who is not very learned; but who takes part in their games and joyous sports with wonderful facility; who points out the letters of the alphabet to the little girl; who takes the little boys to mass; and who; no less obliging than the worthy Abbe P。 of our acquaintance; would readily dance for Madame's amusement。  Such a profession would not suit you; you who have a free; proud; and manly soul: you are refused; let us dismiss the matter from our minds。  Perhaps another time my solicitude will be less unfortunate。  I can only ask your pardon for having thought of thus disposing of you almost without consulting you。  I find my excuse in the motives which guided me; I had in view your well…being and advancement in the ways of this world。

〃I see in your letter; my comrade; through its brilliant witticisms and beneath the frank and artless gayety with which you have sprinkled it; a tinge of sadness and despondency which pains me。  You are unhappy; my friend: your present situation does not suit you; you cannot remain in it; it was not made for you; it is beneath you; you ought; by all means; to leave it; before its injurious influence begins to affect your faculties; and before you become settled; as they say; in the ways of your profession; were it possible that such a thing could ever happen; which I flatly deny。  You are unhappy; you have not yet entered upon the path which Nature has marked out for you。  But; faint…hearted soul; is that a cause for despondency?  Ought you to feel discouraged?  Struggle; morbleu; struggle persistently; and you will triumph。  J。 J。 Rousseau groped about for forty years before his genius was revealed to him。  You are not J。 J Rousseau; but listen: I know not whether I should have divined the author of 〃Emile〃 when he was twenty years of age; supposing that I had been his contemporary; and had enjoyed the honor of his acquaintance。  But I have known you; I have loved you; I have divined your future; if I may venture to say so; for the first time in my life; I am going to risk a prophecy。  Keep this letter; read it again fifteen or twenty years hence; perhaps twenty…five; and if at that time the prediction which I am about to make has not been fulfilled; burn it as a piece of folly out of charity and respect for my memory。  This is my prediction: you will be; Proudhon; in spite of yourself; inevitably; by the fact of your destiny; a writer; an author; you will be a philosopher; you will be one of the lights of the century; and your name will occupy a place in the annals of the nineteenth century; like those of Gassendi; Descartes; Malebranche; and Bacon in the seventeenth; and those of Diderot; Montesquieu; Helvetius。  Locke; Hume; and Holbach in the eighteenth。  Such will be your lot!  Do now what you will; set type in a printing…office; bring up children; bury yourself in deep seclusion; seek obscure and lonely villages; it is all one to me; you cannot escape your destiny; you cannot divest yourself of your noblest feature; that active; strong; and inquiring mind; with which you are endowed; your place in the world has been appointed; and it cannot remain empty。  Go where you please; I expect you in Paris; talking philosophy and the doctrines of Plato; you will have to come; whether you want to or not。  I; who say this to you; must feel very sure of it in order to be willing to put it upon paper; since; without reward for my prophetic skill;to which; I assure you; I make not the slightest claim;I run the risk of passing for a hare…brained fellow; in case I prove to be mistaken: he plays a bold game who risks his good sense upon his cards; in return for the very trifling and insignificant merit of having divined a young man's future。

〃When I say that I expect you in Paris; I use only a proverbial phrase which you must not allow to mislead you as to my projects and plans。  To reside in Paris is disagreeable to me; very much so; and when this fine…art fever which possesses me has left me; I shall abandon the place without regret to seek a more peaceful residence in a provincial town; provided always the town shall afford me the means of living; bread; a bed; books; rest; and solitude。  How I miss; my good Proudhon; that dark; obscure; smoky chambe
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