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39
Previously； things must have been as One。
Heaven must have been One to be Clear。
Earth must have been One to be Calm。
Spirits must have been One to be Alert。
Valleys must have been One to be Full。
All things must have been One to be Alive。
The Monarch must have been One to serve under Heaven。
For；
Heavens not Clear would split；
Earth not Calm would crack；
Spirits not Alert would cease；
Valleys not Full would deplete；
Without Life； all things would expire；
A Monarch not highly regarded would be deposed。
For the Humble are the basis of the High；
the Inferior are the foundation of the Superior。
Thus does the Monarch regard himself as Orphaned； Widowed； and Unlucky。
Can Humility be the source of the problem ？
Better to count a carriage as no carriage；
and lie low like Rocks； rather than shine like Jade。
40
Action is the opposite of Tao。
Weakness is the function of Tao。
All things under Heaven were created from Something。
Something was created from Nothing。
41
When a great scholar hears of the Way；
he adopts it and practices it。
When a fair scholar hears of the Way；
he sometimes remembers and sometimes forgets。
When a poor scholar hears of the Way；
he laughs outright。
If he did not laugh； it would not be the Way。
Hence； these phrases 。。。
The simple way seems unwise。
The fruitful way seems useless。
The smooth way seems rough。
Highest Virtue is like a Valley。
Great honesty seems insulting。
Broad Virtue seems insufficient。
Good Reputation seems undeserved。
True Character seems uncertain。
Great principle takes no sides。
Great ability arrives late。
Good speech strives for clarity。
Great Form has no shape。
Tao is hidden and nameless；
but only Tao permits early results。
42
The Way creates one。
One creates two。
Two creates three。
Three creates all things。
All things carry Yin and embrace Yang； both forces blend。
Men dislike being Orphaned； Widowed and Unlucky； as the Kingship declares
itself。
Thus one may gain by losing； or lose by gaining。
What others teach； I also teach。
The strong need not die。
I teach survival。
43
Under Heaven； the weakest things overcome the strongest。
Non…Being requires no Space。
I know this； that non…action has advantages which it teaches without words。
Seek to attain the benefits of non…action under Heaven。
44
Fame or Life； which is dearer ？
Life or Goods； which is better ？
Gain or Loss； which is more trouble ？
For strong desires carry a high cost。
Amassed Wealth leads to great loss。
Showing restraint is not shameful。
Knowing when to stop
avoids exhaustion and maintains endurance。
45
Great Achievement appears deficient； but serves without fail。
Great Abundance seems modest； but provides without limit。
Great honesty appears devious。
Great intelligence seems dumb。
Great discussions are low…keyed。
Activity overcomes cold。
Stillness overcomes heat。
Peace and Quiet is proper under Heaven。
46
When there is Tao under Heaven； loose horses manure the fields。
When Tao is absent under Heaven； war horses are bred on the borders。
There is no misfortune so great as not recognizing excess。
There is no mistake so great as the desire to obtain。
Therefore feel content； be content； and stay content。
47
Without going out the door； you may know the things beneath Heaven。
Without looking out the window； you may behold Heaven's Way。
The further you go； the less you know。
Thus does the wise man know without going；
see without looking； achieve without doing。
48
By learning； each day brings increase。
With Tao； each day brings decrease。
Less and less； until there is nothing at all to do。
Nothing to do and nothing left undone。
To truly gain the World； do without affairs。
One who has affairs is not content until he has gained the World。
49
The wise man has no opinions；
so that he may understand the opinions of others。
To the Good； I am Good。
To the not Good； I am also Good。
Virtue is Good。
To the Honest； I am Honest。
To the Dishonest； I am also Honest。
Virtue is Honest。
The wise man is at peace with the World；
and from the World conceals his thoughts。
The wise man is everyone's child。
50
Life begets； Death receives。
The unborn are 3 in 10。
The dead are 3 in 10。
Mortal men active in life are also 3 in 10。
Now； what is the significance of the immortals？
There are stories about ones who survive。
They meet no tigers or rhinos on the road；
in war they go without armor。
Rhinos have nowhere to thrust their horns；
Tigers have nowhere to sink their claws；
Weapons have nowhere to pierce their blades。
So why are they untouched by Death ？
51
Tao creates； Virtue provides；
Matter assumes form； Power completes。
Thus do all things without exception honor Tao and praise Virtue。
Honor Tao。 Praise Virtue。
Not by command； but continually and naturally。
Therefore Tao creates； Virtue provides；
by raising； nurturing； sheltering； nourishing； feeding； and clothing。
Create and do not possess。
Govern； and do not exploit。
Lead； and do not kill。
This is Mystic Virtue。
52
The World had a beginning； there is a Mother of the World。
Since we have the Mother； we can know the Child。
By knowing the Child； we can return to the Mother。
The disappearance of the Body is not to be feared。
Complete the exchange； close the door；
be done with a body that no longer serves。
Begin the exchange； relieve its troubles；
the death of the body cannot be prevented。
See these unimportant things clearly。
Accept Weakness； use its Emptiness；
Rejoin its Purity； regardless of the body's demise。
This is quite normal。
53
If I interpret the facts correctly；
following the Great Tao carries only this risk；
the Great Tao is very easy； but people prefer the hard way ！
Government is divided。 Farms are overgrown。 Granaries are empty。
People wear fancy clothes and carry sharp swords；
tire of food and drink； spend money endlessly；
and are said to be corrupt。
Alas； this is not the Way。
54
What is well established is not uprooted。
What is well accepted is not cast off。
Thus will your children's children offer sacrifices forever。
Cultivated in the person； its virtue becomes genuine。
Cultivated in the home； its virtue multiplies。
Cultivated in the village； its virtue grows。
Cultivated in the nation； its virtue increases。
Cultivated in the world； its virtue becomes universal。
Thus does
a person judge a person