ÓÑÇéÌáʾ£ºÈç¹û±¾ÍøÒ³´ò¿ªÌ«Âý»òÏÔʾ²»ÍêÕû£¬Çë³¢ÊÔÊó±êÓÒ¼ü¡°Ë¢Ð¡±±¾ÍøÒ³£¡ÔĶÁ¹ý³Ì·¢ÏÖÈκδíÎóÇë¸æËßÎÒÃÇ£¬Ð»Ð»£¡£¡ ±¨¸æ´íÎó
ÈÈÃÅÊé¿â ·µ»Ø±¾ÊéĿ¼ ÎÒµÄÊé¼Ü ÎÒµÄÊéÇ© TXTÈ«±¾ÏÂÔØ ½øÈëÊé°É ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©

decline of science in england-µÚ43ÕÂ

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡



ord¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Lowther£»¡¡Viscount¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Macartney£»¡¡James¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Macdonald£»¡¡Lieut¡£¡¡Col¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mac¡¡Grigor£»¡¡Sir¡¡James¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mac¡¡Leay£»¡¡Alexander¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mansfield£»¡¡Earl¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡4¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡11¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Marsden£»¡¡William¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mathias£»¡¡Thomas¡¡Jas¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Maton£»¡¡William¡¡George¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Miller£»¡¡Lieut¡£¡¡Col¡£¡¡G¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Montagu£»¡¡Matthew¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡7¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Morgan£»¡¡William¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mount¡¡Edgecumbe£»¡¡Earl¡¡of¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Murdoch£»¡¡Thomas¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Nicholl£»¡¡Rt¡£¡¡Hon¡£¡¡Sir¡¡J¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Norfolk£»¡¡Duke¡¡of¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ord£»¡¡Craven¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Parry£»¡¡Charles¡¡Henry¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Pepys£»¡¡Sir¡¡Lucas¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡6¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Pepys£»¡¡Wm¡£¡¡Hasledine¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡7¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Philip£»¡¡A¡£¡¡P¡£¡¡Wilson¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Phillips£»¡¡Richard¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Pitt£»¡¡William¡¡Morton¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡29¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Planta£»¡¡Joseph¡£¡¡¡¡19¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡17¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Pond£»¡¡John¡£¡¡¡¡£¨C£©¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Powell£»¡¡Rev¡£¡¡Baden¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Prinsep£»¡¡James¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡4¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Prout¡¡William¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Rackett£»¡¡Rev¡£¡¡Thomas¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Redesdale£»¡¡Lord¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Reeves£»¡¡John¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡5¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Rennell£»¡¡James¡¡¡¡£¨C£©¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Rennie£»¡¡George¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡4¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ritchie£»¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Robertson£»¡¡James¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Rogers£»¡¡Samuel¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Roget£»¡¡Peter¡¡Mark¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Rudge£»¡¡Edward¡£¡¡¡¡12¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Sabine£»¡¡Edward¡£¡¡£¨C£©¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Sabine£»¡¡Joseph¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡St¡£¡¡Aubyn£»¡¡Sir¡¡John¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Scoresby£»¡¡jun¡£¡¡William¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Scott£»¡¡John¡¡Corse¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Seppings£»¡¡Sir¡¡Robert¡£¡¡£¨C£©¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Sewell£»¡¡Sir¡¡John¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Somerset£»¡¡Duke¡¡of¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Sotheby£»¡¡William¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡South£»¡¡James¡£¡¡£¨C£©¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Spencer£»¡¡Earl¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Stanley£»¡¡Sir¡¡John¡¡Thos¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Staunton£»¡¡Sir¡¡Geo¡£¡¡Thos¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Stowell£»Lord¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Sumner£»¡¡George¡¡Holme¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Thomas£»¡¡Honoratus¡¡L¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Thomson£»¡¡Thomas¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Tiarks£»¡¡Dr¡£¡¡John¡¡Lewis¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Troughton£»¡¡Edward¡£¡¡£¨C£©¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ure£»¡¡Andrew¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Warburton£»¡¡Henry¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Weaver£»¡¡Thomas¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Whewell£»¡¡William¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Whidbey£»¡¡Joseph¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Wilkins£»¡¡Charles¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Williams£»¡¡John¡¡Lloyd¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Wilson£»¡¡Sir¡¡Giffin¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Wilson£»¡¡Gloucester¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Yorke£»¡¡Rt¡£¡¡Hon¡£¡¡Chas¡£

I¡¡had¡¡intended¡¡to¡¡have¡¡printed¡¡a¡¡list¡¡of¡¡those¡¡persons¡¡to¡¡whom¡¡the¡¡Royal¡¡Society¡¡had¡¡in¡¡past¡¡years¡¡awarded¡¡the¡¡Copley¡¡medals£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡reasons¡¡for¡¡which¡¡they¡¡were¡¡given£»¡¡but¡¡having¡¡applied¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Council¡¡for¡¡permission¡¡to¡¡employ¡¡an¡¡amanuensis£»¡¡to¡¡copy¡¡those¡¡awards£»¡¡either¡¡from¡¡the¡¡minutes£»¡¡or¡¡from¡¡the¡¡volumes¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Philosophical¡¡Transactions£»¡¡I¡¡was¡¡surprised¡¡at¡¡receiving¡¡a¡¡refusal¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡confess¡¡it¡¡appeared¡¡to¡¡me£»¡¡that¡¡as¡¡a¡¡whole£»¡¡those¡¡adjudications¡¡did¡¡us¡¡credit£»¡¡although¡¡I¡¡doubted¡¡the¡¡propriety¡¡of¡¡many¡¡individual¡¡cases¡£¡¡¡¡As£»¡¡however£»¡¡the¡¡Council¡¡seem¡¡to¡¡have¡¡had¡¡a¡¡different¡¡opinion£»¡¡and¡¡as¡¡I¡¡had¡¡made¡¡the¡¡application¡¡through¡¡courtesy£»¡¡I¡¡shall¡¡decline¡¡printing¡¡a¡¡list£»¡¡every¡¡individual¡¡portion¡¡of¡¡which¡¡has¡¡been¡¡already¡¡published¡¡in¡¡many¡¡ways£»¡¡although¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡has¡¡never¡¡been¡¡printed¡¡in¡¡a¡¡collected¡¡form¡£





End¡¡
·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©
δÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
ÎÂÜ°Ìáʾ£º ο´Ð¡ËµµÄͬʱ·¢±íÆÀÂÛ£¬Ëµ³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¿´·¨ºÍÆäËüС»ï°éÃÇ·ÖÏíÒ²²»´íŶ£¡·¢±íÊéÆÀ»¹¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±Àø£¬ÈÏÕæдԭ´´ÊéÆÀ ±»²ÉÄÉΪ¾«ÆÀ¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ´óÁ¿½ð±Ò¡¢»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±ÀøŶ£¡