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m that if he were successful in his object； he would not pause until he had reinstated them in their native city。 To this invitation they hearkened gladly； they believed in him； and with their arms they presented themselves at Sardis。 So； too； Xenias arrived at Sardis with the contingent from the cities； four thousand hoplites； Proxenus； also； with fifteen hundred hoplites and five hundred light…armed troops； Sophaenetus the Stymphalian； with one thousand hoplites； Socrates the Achaean； with five hundred hoplites； while the Megarion Pasion came with three hundred hoplites and three hundred peltasts＇1＇。 This latter officer； as well as Socrates； belonged to the force engaged against Miletus。 These all joined him at Sardis。
＇1＇ 〃Targeteers〃 armed with a light shield instead of the larger one of the hoplite； or heavy infantry soldier。 Iphicrates made great use of this arm at a later date。
But Tissaphernes did not fail to note these proceedings。 An equipment so large pointed to something more than an invasion of Pisidia： so he argued； and with what speed he might； he set off to the king； attended by about five hundred horse。 The king； on his side； had no sooner heard from Tissaphernes of Cyrus's great armament； than he began to make counter…preparations。
Thus Cyrus； with the troops which I have named； set out from Sardis； and marched on and on through Lydia three stages； making two…and…twenty parasangs＇2＇； to the river Maeander。 That river is two hundred feet＇3＇ broad； and was spanned by a bridge consisting of seven boats。 Crossing it； he marched through Phrygia a single stage； of eight parasangs； to Colossae； an inhabited city＇4＇； prosperous and 6 large。 Here he remained seven days； and was joined by Menon the Thessalian； who arrived with one thousand hoplites and five hundred peltasts； Dolopes； Aenianes； and Olynthians。 From this place he marched three stages； twenty parasangs in all； to Celaenae； a populous city of Phrygia； large and prosperous。 Here Cyrus owned a palace and a large park＇5＇ full of wild beasts； which he used to hunt on horseback； whenever he wished to give himself or his horses exercise。 Through the midst of the park flows the river Maeander； the sources of which are within the palace buildings； and it flows through the city of Celaenae。 The great king also has a palace in Celaenae； a strong place； on the sources of another river； the Marsyas； at the foot of the acropolis。 This river also flows through the city； discharging itself into the Maeander； and is five…and…twenty feet broad。 Here is the place where Apollo is said to have flayed Marsyas； when he had conquered him in the contest of skill。 He hung up the skin of the conquered man； in the cavern where the spring wells forth； and hence the name of the river； Marsyas。 It was on this site that Xerxes； as tradition tells； built this very palace； as well as the citadel of Celaenae itself； on his retreat from Hellas； after he had lost the famous battle。 Here Cyrus remained for thirty days； during which Clearchus the Lacedaemonian arrived with one thousand hoplites and eight hundred Thracian peltasts and two hundred Cretan archers。 At the same time； also； came Sosis the Syracusian with three thousand hoplites； and Sophaenetus the Arcadian＇6＇ with one thousand hoplites； and here Cyrus held a review； and numbered his Hellenes in the park； and found that they amounted in all to eleven thousand hoplites and about two thousand peltasts。
＇2＇ The Persian 〃farsang〃 = 30 stades； nearly 1 league； 3 1/2 statute miles； though not of uniform value in all parts of Asia。
＇3＇ 〃Two plethra〃： the plethron = about 101 English feet。
＇4＇ Lit。 〃inhabited；〃 many of the cities of Asia being then as now deserted； but the suggestion is clearly at times 〃thickly inhabited；〃 〃populous。〃
＇5＇ Lit。 〃paradise；〃 an oriental word = park or pleasure ground。
＇6＇ Perhaps this should be Agias the Arcadian； as Mr。 Macmichael suggests。 Sophaenetus has already been named above。
From this place he continued his march two stagesten parasangsto 10 the populous city of Peltae； where he remained three days； while Xenias； the Arcadian； celebrated the Lycaea＇7＇ with sacrifice； and instituted games。 The prizes were headbands of gold； and Cyrus himself was a spectator of the contest。 From this place the march was continued two stagestwelve parasangsto Ceramon…agora； a populous city； the last on the confines of Mysia。 Thence a march of three stagesthirty parasangsbrought him to Caystru…pedion＇8＇； a populous city。 Here Cyrus halted five days； and the soldiers； whose pay was now more than three months in arrear； came several times to the palace gates demanding their dues； while Cyrus put them off with fine words and expectations； but could not conceal his vexation； for it was not his fashion to stint payment； when he had the means。 At this point Epyaxa； the wife of Syennesis； the king of the Cilicians； arrived on a visit to Cyrus； and it was said that Cyrus received a large gift of money from the queen。 At this date； at any rate； Cyrus gave the army four months' pay。 The queen was accompanied by a bodyguard of Cilicians and Aspendians； and； if report speaks truly； Cyrus had intimate relations with the queen。
＇7＇ The Lycaea； an Arcadian festival in honour of Zeus ｛Arcaios｝； akin to the Roman Lupercalia； which was originally a shepherd festival； the introduction of which the Romans ascribe to the Arcadian Evander。
＇8＇ Lit。 〃plain of the Cayster；〃 like Ceramon…agora； 〃the market of the Ceramians〃 above； the name of a town。
From this place he marched two stagesten parasangsto Thymbrium； a populous city。 Here； by the side of the road； is the spring of Midas； the king of Phrygia； as it is called； where Midas； as the story goes； caught the satyr by drugging the spring with wine。 From this place he marched two stagesten parasangsto Tyriaeum； a populous city。 Here he halted three days； and the Cilician queen； according to the popular account； begged Cyrus to exhibit his armament for her amusement。 The latter being only too glad to make such an exhibition； held a review of the Hellenes and barbarians in the plain。 He ordered the Hellenes to draw up their lines and post themselves in their customary battle order； each general marshalling his own battalion。 Accordingly they drew up four…deep。 The right was held by Menon and those with him； the 15 left by Clearchus and his men； the centre by the remaining generals with theirs。 Cyrus first inspected the barbarians； who marched past in troops of horses and companies of infantry。 He then inspected the Hellenes； driving past them in his chariot； with the queen in her carriage。 And they all had brass helmets and purple tunics； and greaves； and their shields uncovered＇9＇。
＇9＇ I。e。 ready for action； c。f。 〃bayonets fixed〃。
After he had driven past the whole body； he drew up his chariot in front of the centre of the battle…line； and sent his interpreter Pigres to the generals of the Hellenes； with orders to present arms and to advance along the whole line。 This order was repeated by the generals to their men； and at the sound of the bugle； with shields forward and spears in rest； they advanced to meet