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e unable to fight with those who were arrayed opposite to them； or to give any assistance to their own flanks。 So； without much difficulty； Castruccio put the enemy to flight on both flanks； and the centre battalions took to flight when they found themselves exposed to attack； without having a chance of displaying their valour。 The defeat was complete； and the loss in men very heavy； there being more than ten thousand men killed with many officers and knights of the Guelph party in Tuscany； and also many princes who had come to help them； among whom were Piero； the brother of King Ruberto； and Carlo； his nephew； and Filippo； the lord of Taranto。 On the part of Castruccio the loss did not amount to more than three hundred men； among whom was Francesco； the son of Uguccione； who； being young and rash； was killed in the first onset。
This victory so greatly increased the reputation of Castruccio that Uguccione conceived some jealousy and suspicion of him； because it appeared to Uguccione that this victory had given him no increase of power； but rather than diminished it。 Being of this mind； he only waited for an opportunity to give effect to it。 This occurred on the death of Pier Agnolo Micheli； a man of great repute and abilities in Lucca； the murderer of whom fled to the house of Castruccio for refuge。 On the sergeants of the captain going to arrest the murderer； they were driven off by Castruccio； and the murderer escaped。 This affair coming to the knowledge of Uguccione； who was than at Pisa； it appeared to him a proper opportunity to punish Castruccio。 He therefore sent for his son Neri； who was the governor of Lucca； and commissioned him to take Castruccio prisoner at a banquet and put him to death。 Castruccio； fearing no evil； went to the governor in a friendly way； was entertained at supper； and then thrown into prison。 But Neri； fearing to put him to death lest the people should be incensed； kept him alive； in order to hear further from his father concerning his intentions。 Ugucionne cursed the hesitation and cowardice of his son； and at once set out from Pisa to Lucca with four hundred horsemen to finish the business in his own way； but he had not yet reached the baths when the Pisans rebelled and put his deputy to death and created Count Gaddo della Gherardesca their lord。 Before Uguccione reached Lucca he heard of the occurrences at Pisa； but it did not appear wise to him to turn back； lest the Lucchese with the example of Pisa before them should close their gates against him。 But the Lucchese； having heard of what had happened at Pisa； availed themselves of this opportunity to demand the liberation of Castruccio； notwithstanding that Uguccione had arrived in their city。 They first began to speak of it in private circles； afterwards openly in the squares and streets； then they raised a tumult； and with arms in their hands went to Uguccione and demanded that Castruccio should be set at liberty。 Uguccione； fearing that worse might happen； released him from prison。 Whereupon Castruccio gathered his friends around him； and with the help of the people attacked Uguccione； who； finding he had no resource but in flight； rode away with his friends to Lombardy； to the lords of Scale； where he died in poverty。
But Castruccio from being a prisoner became almost a prince in Lucca； and he carried himself so discreetly with his friends and the people that they appointed him captain of their army for one year。 Having obtained this； and wishing to gain renown in war； he planned the recovery of the many towns which had rebelled after the departure of Uguccione； and with the help of the Pisans； with whom he had concluded a treaty； he marched to Serezzana。 To capture this place he constructed a fort against it； which is called to…day Zerezzanello； in the course of two months Castruccio captured the town。 With the reputation gained at that siege； he rapidly seized Massa； Carrara； and Lavenza； and in a short time had overrun the whole of Lunigiana。 In order to close the pass which leads from Lombardy to Lunigiana； he besieged Pontremoli and wrested it from the hands of Messer Anastagio Palavicini； who was the lord of it。 After this victory he returned to Lucca； and was welcomed by the whole people。 And now Castruccio； deeming it imprudent any longer to defer making himself a prince； got himself created the lord of Lucca by the help of Pazzino del Poggio； Puccinello dal Portico； Francesco Boccansacchi； and Cecco Guinigi； all of whom he had corrupted； and he was afterwards solemnly and deliberately elected prince by the people。 At this time Frederick of Bavaria； the King of the Romans； came into Italy to assume the Imperial crown； and Castruccio； in order that he might make friends with him； met him at the head of five hundred horsemen。 Castruccio had left as his deputy in Lucca； Pagolo Guinigi； who was held in high estimation； because of the people's love for the memory of his father。 Castruccio was received in great honour by Frederick； and many privileges were conferred upon him； and he was appointed the emperor's lieutenant in Tuscany。 At this time the Pisans were in great fear of Gaddo della Gherardesca； whom they had driven out of Pisa； and they had recourse for assistance to Frederick。 Frederick created Castruccio the lord of Pisa； and the Pisans； in dread of the Guelph party； and particularly of the Florentines； were constrained to accept him as their lord。
Frederick； having appointed a governor in Rome to watch his Italian affairs； returned to Germany。 All the Tuscan and Lombardian Ghibellines； who followed the imperial lead； had recourse to Castruccio for help and counsel； and all promised him the governorship of his country； if enabled to recover it with his assistance。 Among these exiles were Matteo Guidi； Nardo Scolari； Lapo Uberti； Gerozzo Nardi； and Piero Buonaccorsi； all exiled Florentines and Ghibellines。 Castruccio had the secret intention of becoming the master of all Tuscany by the aid of these men and of his own forces； and in order to gain greater weight in affairs； he entered into a league with Messer Matteo Visconti； the Prince of Milan； and organized for him the forces of his city and the country districts。 As Lucca had five gates； he divided his own country districts into five parts； which he supplied with arms； and enrolled the men under captains and ensigns； so that he could quickly bring into the field twenty thousand soldiers； without those whom he could summon to his assistance from Pisa。 While he surrounded himself with these forces and allies； it happened at Messer Matteo Visconti was attacked by the Guelphs of Piacenza； who had driven out the Ghibellines with the assistance of a Florentine army and the King Ruberto。 Messer Matteo called upon Castruccio to invade the Florentines in their own territories； so that； being attacked at home； they should be compelled to draw their army out of Lombardy in order to defend themselves。 Castruccio invaded the Valdarno； and seized Fucecchio and San Miniato； inflicting immense damage upon the country。 Whereupon the Florentines recalled their army； which had scarcely reached Tuscany； when Castruccio was forced by other necessities to return to Lucca。
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