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against apion-第24章

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ere lords of Asia; and were no   better than slaves; while we have enjoyed liberty formerly;   nay; more than that; have had the dominion of the cities that   lie round about us; and this nearly for a hundred and twenty   years together; until Pompeius Magnus。 And when all the   kings every where were conquered by the Romans; our   ancestors were the only people who continued to be   esteemed their confederates and friends; on account of their   fidelity to them。(16)      13。 〃But;〃 says Apion; 〃we Jews have not had any wonderful   men amongst us; not any inventors of arts; nor any eminent   for wisdom。〃 He then enumerates Socrates; and Zeno; and   Cleanthes; and some others of the same sort; and; after all;   he adds himself to them; which is the most wonderful thing   of all that he says; and pronounces Alexandria to be happy;   because it hath such a citizen as he is in it; for he was the   fittest man to be a witness to his own deserts; although he   hath appeared to all others no better than a wicked   mountebank; of a corrupt life and ill discourses; on which   account one may justly pity Alexandria; if it should value   itself upon such a citizen as he is。 But as to our own men; we   have had those who have been as deserving of commendation   as any other whosoever; and such as have perused our   Antiquities cannot be ignorant of them。      14。 As to the other things which he sets down as   blameworthy; it may perhaps be the best way to let them pass   without apology; that he may be allowed to be his own   accuser; and the accuser of the rest of the Egyptians。   However; he accuses us for sacrificing animals; and for   abstaining from swine's flesh; and laughs at us for the   circumcision of our privy members。 Now as for our slaughter   of tame animals for sacrifices; it is common to us and to all   other men; but this Apion; by making it a crime to sacrifice   them; demonstrates himself to be an Egyptian; for had he   been either a Grecian or a Macedonian; 'as he pretends to   be;' he had not shown any uneasiness at it; for those people   glory in sacrificing whole hecatombs to the gods; and make   use of those sacrifices for feasting; and yet is not the world   thereby rendered destitute of cattle; as Apion was afraid   would come to pass。 Yet if all men had followed the manners   of the Egyptians; the world had certainly been made desolate   as to mankind; but had been filled full of the wildest sort of   brute beasts; which; because they suppose them to be gods;   they carefully nourish。 However; if any one should ask Apion   which of the Egyptians he thinks to he the most wise and   most pious of them all; he would certainly acknowledge the   priests to be so; for the histories say that two things were   originally committed to their care by their kings' injunctions;   the worship of the gods; and the support of wisdom and   philosophy。 Accordingly; these priests are all circumcised; and   abstain from swine's flesh; nor does any one of the other   Egyptians assist them in slaying those sacrifices they offer to   the gods。 Apion was therefore quite blinded in his mind;   when; for the sake of the Egyptians; he contrived to reproach   us; and to accuse such others as not only make use of that   conduct of life which he so much abuses; but have also taught   other men to be circumcised; as says Herodotus; which makes   me think that Apion is hereby justly punished for his casting   such reproaches on the laws of his own country; for he was   circumcised himself of necessity; on account of an ulcer in his   privy member; and when he received no benefit by such   circumcision; but his member became putrid; he died in great   torment。 Now men of good tempers ought to observe their   own laws concerning religion accurately; and to persevere   therein; but not presently to abuse the laws of other nations;   while this Apion deserted his own laws; and told lies about   ours。 And this was the end of Apion's life; and this shall be   the conclusion of our discourse about him。      15。 But now; since Apollonius Molo; and Lysimachus; and   some others; write treatises about our lawgiver Moses; and   about our laws; which are neither just nor true; and this   partly out of ignorance; but chiefly out of ill…will to us; while   they calumniate Moses as an impostor and deceiver; and   pretend that our laws teach us wickedness; but nothing that is   virtuous; I have a mind to discourse briefly; according to my   ability; about our whole constitution of government; and   about the particular branches of it。 For I suppose it will   thence become evident; that the laws we have given us are   disposed after the best manner for the advancement of piety;   for mutual communion with one another; for a general love   of mankind; as also for justice; and for sustaining labors with   fortitude; and for a contempt of death。 And I beg of those   that shall peruse this writing of mine; to read it without   partiality; for it is not my purpose to write an encomium   upon ourselves; but I shall esteem this as a most just apology   for us; and taken from those our laws; according to which we   lead our lives; against the many and the lying objections that   have been made against us。 Moreover; since this Apollonius   does not do like Apion; and lay a continued accusation   against us; but does it only by starts; and up and clown his   discourse; while he sometimes reproaches us as atheists; and   man…haters; and sometimes hits us in the teeth with our want   of courage; and yet sometimes; on the contrary; accuses us of   too great boldness and madness in our conduct; nay; he says   that we are the weakest of all the barbarians; and that this is   the reason why we are the only people who have made no   improvements in human life; now I think I shall have then   sufficiently disproved all these his allegations; when it shall   appear that our laws enjoin the very reverse of what he says;   and that we very carefully observe those laws ourselves。 And   if I he compelled to make mention of the laws of other   nations; that are contrary to ours; those ought deservedly to   thank themselves for it; who have pretended to depreciate   our laws in comparison of their own; nor will there; I think;   be any room after that for them to pretend either that we   have no such laws ourselves; an epitome of which I will   present to the reader; or that we do not; above all men;   continue in the observation of them。      16。 To begin then a good way backward; I would advance   this; in the first place; that those who have been admirers of   good order; and of living under common laws; and who began   to introduce them; may well have this testimony that they are   better than other men; both for moderation and such virtue   as is agreeable to nature。 Indeed their endeavor was to have   every thing they ordained believed to be very ancient; that   they might not be thought to imitate others; but might appear   to have delivered a regular way of living to others after them。   Since then this is the case; the excellency of a legislator is   seen in providing for the people's living after the best   manner; and in prevailing with those that are to use the laws   he ordai
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