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against apion-第19章

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g of their own countries value themselves upon the   denomination they acquire thereby; and reprove such as   unjustly lay claim thereto。 As for the Egyptians' claim to be   of our kindred; they do it on one of the following accounts; I   mean; either as they value themselves upon it; and pretend to   bear that relation to us; or else as they would draw us in to   be partakers of their own infamy。 But this fine fellow Apion   seems to broach this reproachful appellation against us; 'that   we were originally Egyptians;' in order to bestow it on the   Alexandrians; as a reward for the privilege they had given   him of being a fellow citizen with them: he also is apprized of   the ill…will the Alexandrians bear to those Jews who are their   fellow citizens; and so proposes to himself to reproach them;   although he must thereby include all the other Egyptians   also; while in both cases he is no better than an impudent   liar。      4。 But let us now see what those heavy and wicked crimes are   which Apion charges upon the Alexandrian Jews。 〃They came   (says he) out of Syria; and inhabited near the tempestuous   sea; and were in the neighborhood of the dashing of the   waves。〃 Now if the place of habitation includes any thing that   is reproached; this man reproaches not his own real country;   'Egypt;' but what he pretends to be his own country;   Alexandria; for all are agreed in this; that the part of that city   which is near the sea is the best part of all for habitation。   Now if the Jews gained that part of the city by force; and   have kept it hitherto without impeachment; this is a mark of   their valor; but in reality it was Alexander himself that gave   them that place for their habitation; when they obtained   equal privileges there with the Macedonians。 Nor call I devise   what Apion would have said; had their habitation been at   Necropolis? and not been fixed hard by the royal palace 'as it   is'; nor had their nation had the denomination of   Macedonians given them till this very day 'as they have'。 Had   this man now read the epistles of king Alexander; or those of   Ptolemy the son of Lagus; or met with the writings of the   succeeding kings; or that pillar which is still standing at   Alexandria; and contains the privileges which the great   'Julius' Caesar bestowed upon the Jews; had this man; I say;   known these records; and yet hath the impudence to write in   contradiction to them; he hath shown himself to be a wicked   man; but if he knew nothing of these records; he hath shown   himself to be a man very ignorant: nay; when lie appears to   wonder how Jews could be called Alexandrians; this is   another like instance of his ignorance; for all such as are   called out to be colonies; although they be ever so far remote   from one another in their original; receive their names from   those that bring them to their new habitations。 And what   occasion is there to speak of others; when those of us Jews   that dwell at Antioch are named Antiochians; because   Seleucns the founder of that city gave them the privileges   belonging thereto? After the like manner do those Jews that   inhabit Ephesus; and the other cities of Ionia; enjoy the same   name with those that were originally born there; by the grant   of the succeeding princes; nay; the kindness and humanity of   the Romans hath been so great; that it hath granted leave to   almost all others to take the same name of Romans upon   them; I mean not particular men only; but entire and large   nations themselves also; for those anciently named Iberi; and   Tyrrheni; and Sabini; are now called Romani。 And if Apion   reject this way of obtaining the privilege of a citizen of   Alexandria; let him abstain from calling himself an   Alexandrian hereafter; for otherwise; how can he who was   born in the very heart of Egypt be an Alexandrian; if this way   of accepting such a privilege; of which he would have us   deprived; be once abrogated? although indeed these Romans;   who are now the lords of the habitable earth; have forbidden   the Egyptians to have the privileges of any city whatsoever;   while this fine fellow; who is willing to partake of such a   privilege himself as he is forbidden to make use of; endeavors   by calumnies to deprive those of it that have justly received   it; for Alexander did not therefore get some of our nation to   Alexandria; because he wanted inhabitants for this his city; on   whose building he had bestowed so much pains; but this was   given to our people as a reward; because he had; upon a   careful trial; found them all to have been men of virtue and   fidelity to him; for; as Hecateus says concerning us;   〃Alexander honored our nation to such a degree; that; for the   equity and the fidelity which the Jews exhibited to him; he   permitted them to hold the country of Samaria free from   tribute。 Of the same mind also was Ptolemy the son of Lagus;   as to those Jews who dwelt at Alexandria。〃 For he intrusted   the fortresses of Egypt into their hands; as believing they   would keep them faithfully and valiantly for him; and when   he was desirous to secure the government of Cyrene; and the   other cities of Libya; to himself; he sent a party of Jews to   inhabit in them。 And for his successor Ptolemy; who was   called Philadelphus; he did not only set all those of our   nation free who were captives under him; but did frequently   give money 'for their ransom'; and; what was his greatest   work of all; he had a great desire of knowing our laws; and of   obtaining the books of our sacred Scriptures; accordingly; he   desired that such men might be sent him as might interpret   our law to him; and; in order to have them well compiled; he   committed that care to no ordinary persons; but ordained   that Demetrius Phalereus; and Andreas; and Aristeas; the   first; Demetrius; the most learned person of his age; and the   others; such as were intrusted with the guard of his body;   should take care of this matter: nor would he certainly have   been so desirous of learning our law; and the philosophy of   our nation; had he despised the men that made use of it; or   had he not indeed had them in great admiration。      5。 Now this Apion was unacquainted with almost all the kings   of those Macedonians whom he pretends to have been his   progenitors; who were yet very well affected towards us; for   the third of those Ptolemies; who was called Euergetes; when   he had gotten possession of all Syria by force; did not offer   his thank…offerings to the Egyptian gods for his victory; but   came to Jerusalem; and according to our own laws offered   many sacrifices to God; and dedicated to him such gifts as   were suitable to such a victory: and as for Ptolemy   Philometer and his wife Cleopatra; they committed their   whole kingdom to the Jews; when Onias and Dositheus; both   Jews; whose names are laughed at by Apion; were the   generals of their whole army。 But certainly; instead of   reproaching them; he ought to admire their actions; and   return them thanks for saving Alexandria; whose citizen he   pretends to be; for when these Alexandrians were making war   with Cleopatra the queen; and were in danger of being   utterly ruined; these J
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