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*He is happy yesterday。
以上句子的正确写法是:
I went to school yesterday。
I saw a movie last night。
My mother came to see me last month。
I ate three apples this morning。
He was happy yesterday。
【练习五】
将以下中文句子翻成英文,全部用过去式:
1。我昨天参加了一个舞会。
2。他的哥哥昨天打电话给我。
3。我去年到美国去。
4。昨夜我遇到你的姊姊。
5。我写了一封信给你。
6。我今晨吃了一个蛋。
7。他昨夜整夜跳舞。
8。我们昨天跑了五千公尺。
9。他昨夜非常疲倦。
10。他昨夜去台北探访他的爸爸。
【练习六】
将下列的句子译成英文句子,有的用现在式,有的用过去式:
1。他是一个强壮的男孩。
2。他昨天生病了。
3。他每天吃一个苹果。
4。他昨天吃了三个苹果。
5。我喜欢看电影。
6。我是个快乐的人。
7。昨天我看了两场电影。
8。他昨天寄了一封信给你。
9。他常常抽烟。
10。我每天读圣经。
11。他昨天没有念圣经。
12。他昨天没有游泳。
【练习七】
将以下句子译成英文,用现在式,现在进行式或过去式:
1。他在打篮球。
2。他喜欢打篮球。
3。他昨天打篮球。
4。他每天骑脚踏车上学。
5。他昨天骑脚踏车到乡下去。
6。我喜欢唱歌。
7。他正在唱歌。
8。你的爸爸昨天来看我。
9。他的哥哥每天步行二公里。
10。他的弟弟是个好孩子。
11。他去年非常虚弱。
12。他正在打电话。
13。他每天都努力工作(work hard)。
14。你的弟弟喜欢游泳。
15。他过去是个好学生。
3§2 过去进行式
过去进行式和现在进行式有点类似,只是verb to be要用过去式的。可是有一点不同,过去进行式,很少单独用的,而常和另一句子一齐用。举例来说以下的中文句子:
我昨天去看你的时候,你正在打篮球,如译成中文,就是
You were playing basketball when I went to see you yesterday。
以下是典型的过去进行式用法
I was taking a bath when you called。
I was watching TV when you came to see me。
They were dancing when the teacher came in。
They were singing in the station when the train arrived。
Mr。 Brown was cleaning his house when his son came home。
总而言之,过去进行式通常牵涉到几件事,这两件事同时发生,其中一件事用过去式,另一件事用过去进行式
【练习八】
将以下句子译成英文,其中一部份使用过去进行式:
1。他昨天到学校去的时候,天在下雨。
2。当火车停下的时候,他在看报(read newspaper)。
3。当火车进站的时候,他们在唱歌。
4。我昨天去他家的时候,他在和他爸爸打电话。
5。昨天晚上八点钟,我在家看电视。
6。当我爸爸昨晚打电话给我的时候,我正在刷牙(brush my teeth)。
7。当我昨晚打电话给他时,他在游泳。
8。当这猫走进来的时候,那只狗在睡觉。
9。当他弟弟回家的时候,他在拉小提琴。
10。当我爸爸回家的时候,我妈妈在烧饭。
【练习九】
填充
1。 I (be) a Christian。
2。 He (be) a Catholic when he was a child。
3。 I (go) to see my mother yesterday。
4。 I (like) to lay piano。
5。 He (eat) now。
6。 It (rain) now。
7。 He (walk) to school every day。
8。 He (walk) now。
9。 He (be) a good boy。
10。 He (swim) when I called him。
11。 He (go) to see his mother yesterday。
12。 I (take) a bath when my mother called me。
13。 I (like) to swim。
14。 I (like) to swim when I was young。 Now; I don't because I am too old。
15。 It (rain) now。
16。 It (rain) when I drove to work yesterday。
17。 It (rain) last night。
18。 It (rain)very often here。
19。 He (read) a book when I went to see him yesterday。
20。 I (be) a student when I was young。 Now I am a teacher。
【练习十】
改正以下句子的错误
*They are driving when I went to see them yesterday。
*It rained here very often in Taipei。
*He gives his book to his brother last month。
*He go to work every morning。
*He likes to told stories。
*I like to went to church。
*The sun sets now。
*They are play the piano now。
*I am love you。
*He were a good student before。
*He goes to church last Sunday。
*It rains last night。
*I am playing when you called。
*It is raining when I drove to work last night。
*He do not know me。
*I were swimming when my mother came。
*They is singing now。
*He do not like to swim。
*He always wear a black coat。
*He is watch TV now。
第四章 完成式(Perfect Tense)
4§1 现在完成式(Present Perfect Tense)
完成式的形式是 verb to have + past participle,每一个动词,都有过去式和过去分词,以下就是一些例子:
原式
过去式
过去分词(past participle)
go
went
gone
e
came
e
see
saw
seen
do
did
done
watch
watched
watched
get
got
gotten(或got)
have
had
had
use
used
used
buy
bought
bought
listen
listened
listened
draw
drew
drawn
paint
painted
painted
leave
left
left
arrive
arrived
arrived
dance
danced
danced
kill
killed
killed
write
wrote
written
run
ran
run
swim
swam
swum
snow
snowed
snowed
eat
ate
eaten
love
loved
loved
fly
flew
flown
spread
spread
spread
hit
hit
hit
drink
drank
drunk
take
took
taken
grow
grew
grown
sell
sold
sold
ride
rode
ridden
steal
stole
stolen
break
broke
broken
walk
walked
walked
read
read
read
sing
sang
sung
work
worked
worked
以下的句子都是用了现在完成式:
I have read this book。
I have seen the movie。
I have lived here since 1973。
I have studied English for a long time。
He has washed his hands。
He has left。
He has already pleted the report。
The storm has arrived。
I have taken the job。
I have written the letters。
I have not seen him since 1975。
I have never seen this man before。
什么情况之下要用现在完成式呢?
首先假设我们有一件事,发生在过去,而一直延续到现在,就要用现在完成式,这种句子后面常有since或for。以下是这种情形的例子:
(1)自从1963年,我一直在念英文。
I have studied English since 1963。
(2)自从1975年以后,我就住在这里。
I have lived here since 1975。
(3)自从我是一个小孩子,我就喜欢摇滚乐。
I have loved rock and roll music since I was a child。
(4)自从去年,我就从来没有见过他。
Since last year; I have never seen him。
(5)自从1950年以后,他就一直在此工作。
He has worked here since 1950。
(6)我认识他已经很久了。
I have known him for a long time。
(7)他练习网球已经四年了。
He has already practiced tennis for (the past) four years。
(8)我穿这件夹克很久了。
I have worn this jacket for a very long time。
(9)我开这辆汽车很久了。
I have driven this car for a long time。
(10)好久没有下雨了。
It has not rained for a long time。
2。使用现在完成式的另一情况是强调已经完成的事,比方说,你说〝我已经写了那封信〞,就可以用现在完成式,或者,你说〝他已经完成了工作〞。以下是这类的例子:
(1)我已经写了这封信。
I have already written the letter。
(2)他已经完成了工作。
He has already pleted the work。
(3)我已经测试了这个程序。
I have already tested the program。
(4)我已经收到了你的信。
I have already received your letter。
(5)他已搬到了一个较大的房子。
He has already moved to a bigger house。
(6)虽然他很年轻,但他已写了三本小说。
lthough he is young; he has already written three novels。
(7)我打了二次电话给他,他都没有回答。
I called him twice; he has never answered。
3。现在完成式用来表示一种经验,举例来说,〝我曾经到过美国〞、〝我曾见过李总统〞、〝我有生以来没有跳过舞〞,这些都应该用现在完成式,例如:
我曾经到过美国。
I have been to America。
我曾见过李总统。
I have