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mia,AMI。)核型异常检出率达93%。这些异常核型多是特异性染色体重排或染色体数目
异常形成,其在病程中较稳定,是可靠的分子标志(表4—10一2)。如AML—M3型,90%
以上患者可见到t(15;17)(q22;q12)的特异性染色体异常,17q上的维A酸a受体
(RARA)和15q上的早幼粒细胞白血病(promyeloblastic leu。kemia,PML)基因互相易
位,形成PML—RARA及RARA—PMI。两种融合基因,是M3型的特异性分子基因。慢
475
476
舅四蔫。实验一诊颧
性粒细胞白血病(chronic myeloblastic leukemia,CML)典型的特点是具有phl染色体,
phl染色体为t(9;22)染色体易位,是9号染色体长臂3区4带处的c—abl易位至22号
染色体长臂1区c—bcr断裂点,易位后重组形成bcr—abl融合基因,其基因产物P210具有
较高的蛋白酪氨酸激酶活性(PTK),现被认为是引起癌变的主要原因。
以上说明大多数白血病与特异的染色体异常有关,因此白血病特异性分子标志的检测
有助于白血病的诊断及分型(表4—10—2)。
表4.10…2急性白血病的分型及分子标志
FAB、免疫分型
核型
分子标志
AMI。一M
M2。
M2b
M3
M4E0
M。
M。
M5。
M5b
M。
M,
T—AI。I。(L1、L2)
B—AI。I。(L。)
t(9;22)(q“;q’。)
inv(3)(q”;P。。)
t(9;22)(q“;q’。)
t(6;9)(P”;q“)
t/del(12)(P’’~。。)
t(8;21)(q”;q。。)
t(15;17)(q”;q。。)
t(U;17)(q“;q。’)
t(5;17)
inv/del(16)(q。。)
t(6;9)(q”;q。‘)
+(4)
t(11;19)(q”;P”)
’t(9;11)(P。’~”;q。。)
t/del(11)(q。。)
t(8;16)(P”;P’。)
t(3;5)(q”;q。‘)
Inv/del(3)
t(11;14)(P”;q“)
t(1;14)(P“;q’。)
t(10;14)(q“;q。’)
t(8;14)(q“;q。’)
t(8;14)(q“;q。。)
t(8;22)(q“;q。’)
t(2;8)(P“;P’。)
BCR—ABL(RNA)
BCR—ABL(RNA)
DEK—CAN(RNA)
AMI。1一MTG8(RNA)
PMI。一RARA(RNA)
PI。ZF—RARA(RNA)
NPM—RARA(RNA)
CBF~t—MYHll(RNA)
DEK—CAN(RNA)
MLL—ENI。(RNA)
MI,I.一AF9(RNA)
MLL(HRX)
RHOM2一TCR8(DNA)
TAI.1一TCR8(DNA)
HOX,。一TCR8(DNA)
MYC—TCR8(DNA)
MYC—IgH(DNA)
MYC—IgX(DNA)
IgK—MYC(DNA)
(康熙雄)
主要参考文献
王鸿利.实验诊断学.北京:人民卫生出版社,2005.
王学锋,王鸿利.血栓与出血的检测及应用.上海:世界图书上海出版公司,2002.
叶应妩,王毓三,申子瑜.全国临床检验操作规程.第3版.南京:东南大学出版社,2006.
Klaus—Petr Maier.急性与慢性肝病的诊断、治疗和预防.北京:人民卫生出版社,2001.
张卓然.临床微生物学和微生物检验.第3版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2003.
王羽.全国临床检验操作规程.第3版.北京:中华人民共和国卫生部医政司,2006.
Burke MD.Liver function test selection and interpretation of results.Clin Lab Med,2002,22(2):
377…90.
Heredia EN,Flores V,Grande…L,et a1.Liver function test and prevalence of associated diseases
5 years after liver transplantation.Transplant Proe,2002,34(1):294.
Oellerieh M,Armstrong,VW.The MEGX test:a tool for the real time assessment of hepatic function.
Ther Drug Monit,2001,23(2):81—92.
D Robert Dufour,John A Lott,Frederick S,et a1.Diagnosis and Monitoring of Hepatic Inj ury.
1I.Recommendations for Use of Laboratory Tests in Screening,Diagnosis,and Monitoring.Clin
Chem,2000,46:2050—2068.
D Robert Dufour,John A Lott,Frederick S,et at.Diagnosis and Monitoring of Hepatic Injury.I.Per—
formance Characte“stics of Laboratory Tests.Ctin Chem,2000,46:2027—2049.
0lay A Gressner,Ralf Weiskirchen,Axel M Gressner.Biomarkers of liver fibrosis:Clinical translation
of molecular pathogenesis orbased on liver—dependent malfunction tests.Clin Chim Acta,2007,381:
107—113.
Ashley…Morrow R,Krantz E,Waid A.Time course of seroeonversion by Herpe…Select ELISA after ac—
quisition of genital herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV一1)or HSV…2.Sex Transm Dis,2003,30:310—
314.
Kretova M,Grones J.Molecular analysis of 16S…23S spacer regions of Acetobacter species.Folia Mi—
crobiol,2005,50(4):288—292.
Snyder TM,McGown LB.Multiplex single strand conformation polymorphism analysis by capillary e—
lectrophoresis with on…the—fly fluorescence lifetime detection.Appl Spectrosc,2005,59(3):
335—339.
Felten A,Grandry B,Lagrange PH.Evaluation of three techniques for detection of low—level methicil—
lin…resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA):a disk diffusion method with cefoxitin and moxalactam,
the Vitek 2 system,and the MRSA—screen latex agglutination test.J Clin Microbiol,2002,40(8):
2766…2771.
Cunha BA.Strategies to control antibiotic resistance.Semin Respir Infect,2002,17(3):250—258.
Viciana MI,Garcia2Lopez MV,Mariscal A,et a1.Microbiological,clinical and epidemiological aspects
of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates recovered over two years.Enferm Infect Microbiol Clin,
2004,22(1):13—17.
19.Hachiya T,Kubo K,Yanagisawa H.Antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae,Hae—
mophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated in major hospitals in Nagano Prefecture.Japan
J Antibiot,2004,57(2):157—171.
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主要参考文献
王鸿利.实验诊断学.北京:人民卫生出版社,2005.
王学锋,王鸿利.血栓与出血的检测及应用.上海:世界图书上海出版公司,2002.
叶应妩,王毓三,申子瑜.全国临床检验操作规程.第3版.南京:东南大学出版社,2006.
Klaus—Petr Maier.急性与慢性肝病的诊断、治疗和预防.北京:人民卫生出版社,2001.
张卓然.临床微生物学和微生物检验.第3版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2003.
王羽.全国临床检验操作规程.第3版.北京:中华人民共和国卫生部医政司,2006.
Burke MD.Liver function test selection and interpretation of results.Clin Lab Med,2002,22(2):
377…90.
Heredia EN,Flores V,Grande…L,et a1.Liver function test and prevalence of associated diseases
5 years after liver transplantation.Transplant Proe,2002,34(1):294.
Oellerieh M,Armstrong,VW.The MEGX test:a tool for the real time assessment of hepatic function.
Ther Drug Monit,2001,23(2):81—92.
D Robert Dufour,John A Lott,Frederick S,et a1.Diagnosis and Monitoring of Hepatic Inj ury.
1I.Recommendations for Use of Laboratory Tests in Screening,Diagnosis,and Monitoring.Clin
Chem,2000,46:2050—2068.
D Robert Dufour,John A Lott,Frederick S,et at.Diagnosis and Monitoring of Hepatic Injury.I.Per—
formance Characte“stics of Laboratory Tests.Ctin Chem,2000,46:2027—2049.
0lay A Gressner,Ralf Weiskirchen,Axel M Gressner.Biomarkers of liver fibrosis:Clinical translation
of molecular pathogenesis orbased on liver—dependent malfunction tests.Clin Chim Acta,2007,381:
107—113.
Ashley…Morrow R,Krantz E,Waid A.Time course of seroeonversion by Herpe…Select ELISA after ac—
quisition of genital herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV一1)or HSV…2.Sex Transm Dis,2003,30:310—
314.
Kretova M,Grones J.Molecular analysis of 16S…23S spacer regions of Acetobacter species.Folia Mi—
crobiol,2005,50(4):288—292.
Snyder TM,McGown LB.Multiplex single strand conformation polymorphism analysis by capillary e—
lectrophoresis with on…the—fly fluorescence lifetime detection.Appl Spectrosc,2005,59(3):
335—339.
Felten A,Grandry B,Lagrange PH.Evaluation of three techniques for detection of low—level methicil—
lin…resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA):